Mental Health Interventions and Technology (MINT) Program, Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 Sep;18(9):79. doi: 10.1007/s11920-016-0722-1.
Over the past two decades, the field has witnessed tremendous advances in our understanding of terrorism and its impacts on affected youth. It is now well established that a significant proportion of exposed youth show elevated PTSD symptoms in the months following a terrorist attack. In more recent years, research has expanded beyond confirming our understanding of the association between direct terrorism exposure and child PTSD symptoms by elucidating (a) links between terrorism exposure and non-PTSD clinical outcomes (e.g., externalizing problems, substance use), (b) individual differences associated with divergent patterns of risk and resilience, (c) the clinical correlates of media-based contact with terrorism, (d) clinical outcomes associated with exposure to recurrent terrorist attacks, and (e) exposure to extended contexts of uncertainty and the possibilities of future terrorism. Researchers studying the effects of terrorism and political violence on youth have increasingly examined a much broader range of regions in the world, affording needed opportunities to consider the generalizability of prior findings to youth living in different political contexts, in less developed regions of the world, and/or in regions with different rates of recurrent terrorism. In order to understand and, in turn, best meet the clinical needs of the majority of terrorism-affected youth across the globe, more targeted research on exposed youth is needed in developing regions of the world and regions enduring more recurrent terrorist attacks.
在过去的二十年中，我们对恐怖主义及其对受影响青年的影响的理解取得了巨大的进步。现在已经明确的是，相当一部分接触过恐怖主义的青年在恐怖袭击发生后的几个月内表现出 PTSD 症状升高。近年来，研究范围已经扩大，不仅证实了我们对直接恐怖主义暴露与儿童 PTSD 症状之间的关联的理解，还阐明了（a）恐怖主义暴露与非 PTSD 临床结果（例如，外化问题，药物使用）之间的联系；（b）与风险和弹性差异模式相关的个体差异；（c）基于媒体的恐怖主义接触的临床相关性；（d）与反复恐怖袭击接触相关的临床结果；以及（e）接触不确定的扩展背景和未来发生恐怖主义的可能性。研究恐怖主义和政治暴力对青年影响的研究人员越来越多地研究了世界上更广泛的地区，为考虑先前发现对生活在不同政治环境、欠发达地区的青年的普遍性提供了必要的机会，世界和/或在恐怖主义复发率不同的地区。为了理解并最终满足全球大多数受恐怖主义影响的青年的临床需求，需要在世界发展中地区和反复遭受恐怖袭击的地区对接触过恐怖主义的青年进行更有针对性的研究。
