Newhouse P A, Belenky G, Thomas M, Thorne D, Sing H C, Fertig J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05401.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1989 Jun;2(2):153-64. doi: 10.1016/0893-133x(89)90018-3.
Thirty-six normal male subjects underwent total sleep deprivation for 48 hours, were then administered either placebo, 5, 10, or 20 mg of d-amphetamine, and sleep deprived for an additional 12 hours. Sleep deprivation produced a significant reduction in sleep latency, as well as marked decrements in cognitive performance and self-ratings reflecting vigor and fatigue. Amphetamine reversed these effects in a dose-related way but the pattern and persistence of the reversal varied across measures. After 20 mg, sleep latency normalized for several hours, but then declined. Behavioral effects tended to follow the pattern of sleep latency. On cognitive tasks, 20 mg produced a sustained return to normal performance in an attentional arithmetic task and a gradual improvement in a verbal reasoning task. The partial temporal dissociation among sleep latency, behavioral, and cognitive effects suggests that varying doses of amphetamine may have time-related differential neurochemical effects or that various dimensions of arousal and alertness may be differentially sensitive to amphetamine.
三十六名正常男性受试者经历了48小时的完全睡眠剥夺，随后给予安慰剂、5毫克、10毫克或20毫克的右旋苯丙胺，然后再进行12小时的睡眠剥夺。睡眠剥夺导致睡眠潜伏期显著缩短，以及反映活力和疲劳的认知表现和自我评分显著下降。苯丙胺以剂量相关的方式逆转了这些影响，但逆转的模式和持续时间因测量指标而异。服用20毫克后，睡眠潜伏期在几个小时内恢复正常，但随后又下降。行为效应倾向于遵循睡眠潜伏期的模式。在认知任务中，20毫克使注意力算术任务的表现持续恢复正常，并使言语推理任务逐渐改善。睡眠潜伏期、行为和认知效应之间的部分时间解离表明，不同剂量的苯丙胺可能具有与时间相关的不同神经化学效应，或者唤醒和警觉的各个维度可能对苯丙胺有不同的敏感性。
