Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; email:
The Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2016 Jul 17;36:471-509. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071813-105410.
The discovery by Dr. Constantine Londos of perilipin 1, the major scaffold protein at the surface of cytosolic lipid droplets in adipocytes, marked a fundamental conceptual change in the understanding of lipolytic regulation. Focus then shifted from the enzymatic activation of lipases to substrate accessibility, mediated by perilipin-dependent protein sequestration and recruitment. Consequently, the lipid droplet became recognized as a unique, metabolically active cellular organelle and its surface as the active site for novel protein-protein interactions. A new area of investigation emerged, centered on lipid droplets' biology and their role in energy homeostasis. The perilipin family is of ancient origin and has expanded to include five mammalian genes and a growing list of evolutionarily conserved members. Universally, the perilipins modulate cellular lipid storage. This review provides a summary that connects the perilipins to both cellular and whole-body homeostasis.
伦敦德博士发现了脂滴表面的主要支架蛋白 perilipin 1，这标志着人们对脂肪分解调节的理解发生了根本性的概念转变。随后，研究重点从脂肪酶的酶促激活转移到了由 perilipin 介导的蛋白隔离和募集所介导的底物可及性上。因此，脂滴被认为是一种独特的、具有代谢活性的细胞细胞器，其表面是新型蛋白-蛋白相互作用的活性部位。一个以脂滴生物学及其在能量平衡中的作用为中心的新研究领域应运而生。 perilipin 家族起源古老，现已扩展到包括 5 个哺乳动物基因和越来越多的进化上保守的成员。普遍而言， perilipins 调节细胞脂质储存。这篇综述提供了一个总结，将 perilipins 与细胞和全身稳态联系起来。
