Gianazza Erica, Papaianni Giulia G, Brocca Lisa, Banfi Cristina, Mallia Alice
Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jan 10;26(2):557. doi: 10.3390/ijms26020557.
Lipid droplets (LDs), highly dynamic cellular organelles specialized in lipid storage and maintenance of lipid homeostasis, contain several proteins on their surface, among which the perilipin (Plin) family stands out as the most abundant group of LD-binding proteins. They play a pivotal role in influencing the behavior and functionality of LDs, regulating lipase activity, and preserving a balance between lipid synthesis and degradation, which is crucial in the development of obesity and abnormal accumulation of fat in non-adipose tissues, causing negative adverse biological effects, such as insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. The expression levels of Plins are often associated with various diseases, such as hepatic steatosis and atherosclerotic plaque formation. Thus, it becomes of interest to investigate the Plin roles by using appropriate "omics" approaches that may provide additional insight into the mechanisms through which these proteins contribute to cellular and tissue homeostasis. This review is intended to give an overview of the most significant omics studies focused on the characterization of Plin proteins and the identification of their potential targets involved in the development and progression of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic complications, as well as their interactors that could be useful for more efficient therapeutic and preventive approaches for patients.
脂滴（LDs）是高度动态的细胞器，专门负责脂质储存和维持脂质稳态，其表面含有多种蛋白质，其中周脂素（Plin）家族是最丰富的一类与脂滴结合的蛋白质。它们在影响脂滴的行为和功能、调节脂肪酶活性以及维持脂质合成与降解之间的平衡方面发挥着关键作用，这在肥胖症的发展以及非脂肪组织中脂肪的异常积累过程中至关重要，会导致诸如胰岛素抵抗、线粒体功能障碍和炎症等负面不良生物学效应。周脂素的表达水平常常与各种疾病相关，如肝脂肪变性和动脉粥样硬化斑块形成。因此，通过使用合适的“组学”方法来研究周脂素的作用变得很有意义，这些方法可能会为这些蛋白质促进细胞和组织稳态的机制提供更多深入见解。本综述旨在概述最重要的组学研究，这些研究聚焦于周脂素蛋白的特性表征、确定其在心血管和心脏代谢并发症的发生发展过程中涉及的潜在靶点，以及找出那些可能有助于为患者制定更有效治疗和预防方法的相互作用分子。
