MacCallum Fiona, Widdows Heather
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Department of Philosophy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Health Care Anal. 2018 Sep;26(3):235-245. doi: 10.1007/s10728-016-0327-1.
In this paper we consider the impact of digitally altered images on individuals' body satisfaction and beauty aspirations. Drawing on current psychological literature we consider interventions designed to increase knowledge about the ubiquity and unreality of digital images and, in the form of labelling, provide information to the consumer. Such interventions are intended to address the negative consequences of unrealistic beauty ideals. However, contrary to expectations, such initiatives may not be effective, especially in the long-term, and may even be counter-productive. We seek to understand this phenomenon of our continued aspiration for beauty ideals we know to be unreal and even impossible. We draw on our respective disciplines to offer psychological and philosophical accounts for why this might be. We conclude that beauty ideals are deeply embedded in our aspirations, practices, and in our constructions of ourselves. Given this, it is not surprising that simply increasing knowledge, or providing information, will be insufficient to challenge them.
在本文中，我们探讨数字修改图像对个人身体满意度和美容期望的影响。借鉴当前心理学文献，我们考虑旨在增加对数字图像的普遍性和不真实性的认识的干预措施，并以标签的形式向消费者提供信息。此类干预旨在解决不切实际的美容理想所带来的负面后果。然而，与预期相反，此类举措可能并不有效，尤其是从长期来看，甚至可能适得其反。我们试图理解这种现象，即我们为何持续追求明知不真实甚至不可能实现的美容理想。我们利用各自的学科，从心理学和哲学角度解释其原因。我们得出结论，美容理想深深植根于我们的期望、实践以及自我建构之中。鉴于此，仅仅增加知识或提供信息不足以挑战这些理想也就不足为奇了。
