测量广义信任：问题措辞与量表点数的考察
Measuring Generalized Trust: An Examination of Question Wording and the Number of Scale Points.
作者信息
Lundmark Sebastian, Gilljam Mikael, Dahlberg Stefan
机构信息
S ebastian L undmark is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Mikael Gilljam is a professor in the Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Stefan Dahlberg is an assistant professor in the Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. A previous version of this paper was presented at the 66th Annual Conference of the World Association for Public Opinion Research, Boston, MA, USA. The authors thank Peter Esaiasson, Mikael Persson, and the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier versions of this article. They also thank the Laboratory of Opinion Research at the University of Gothenburg for conducting their surveys. They especially thank Johan Martinsson, who helped coordinate the different data collections.
出版信息
Public Opin Q. 2016 Spring;80(1):26-43. doi: 10.1093/poq/nfv042. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
Survey institutes recently have changed their measurement of generalized trust from the standard dichotomous scale to an 11-point scale. Additionally, numerous survey institutes use different question wordings: where most rely on the standard, fully balanced question (asking if "most people can be trusted or that you need to be very careful in dealing with people"), some use minimally balanced questions, asking only if it is "possible to trust people." By using two survey-embedded experiments, one with 12,009 self-selected respondents and the other with a probability sample of 2,947 respondents, this study evaluates the generalized trust question in terms of question wording and number of scale points used. Results show that, contrary to the more commonly used standard question format (used, for example, by the American National Election Studies and the General Social Survey), generalized trust is best measured with a minimally balanced question wording accompanied with either a seven- or an 11-point scale.
调查机构最近已将对广义信任的衡量从标准二分制量表改为11分制量表。此外，许多调查机构使用不同的问题措辞：大多数机构依赖标准的、完全平衡的问题（询问“大多数人是否可以信任，还是在与人打交道时需要非常小心”），有些机构使用最低限度平衡的问题，只询问是否“有可能信任他人”。通过两项嵌入调查的实验，一项有12009名自行选择的受访者，另一项有2947名概率抽样受访者，本研究从问题措辞和所使用的量表点数方面评估了广义信任问题。结果表明，与更常用的标准问题格式（例如美国全国选举研究和综合社会调查所使用的格式）相反，广义信任最好用最低限度平衡的问题措辞以及7分制或11分制来衡量。
Zotero 插件