Goerres Achim, Höhne Jan Karem
Department of Political Science, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
Qual Quant. 2023 Jan 23:1-17. doi: 10.1007/s11135-022-01594-4.
This experimental study aims to check and improve the quality of 16 established survey measures of political solidarities and related concepts, such as redistribution and social trust. Political solidarities are defined as one's willingness to share the costs that result from public redistribution that favours people other than oneself and thus constitute a subset of welfare state attitudes. The pre-registered study plan included suggestions for the development of improved rating scales, which we defined as five-point, end verbalized rating scales without non-substantive answer options. The overall results from an experimental online survey in Germany indicate differences in response effort in terms of response times but almost no differences in data quality in terms of criterion validity. Thus, the 16 survey measures show solid instrument validity as well as minor improvements in respondents' response times. Indeed, the measures are (at least) in the online survey world of Germany of high-quality and warrant inclusion in future surveys with small efficiency gains still attainable.
这项实验研究旨在检验和改进16种既定的政治团结及相关概念（如再分配和社会信任）的调查指标。政治团结被定义为个人愿意分担因有利于他人的公共再分配而产生的成本，因此构成福利国家态度的一个子集。预先注册的研究计划包括改进评分量表的开发建议，我们将其定义为没有非实质性答案选项的五点、终点表述评分量表。德国一项实验性在线调查的总体结果表明，在回答时间方面存在回答努力程度的差异，但在标准效度方面的数据质量几乎没有差异。因此，这16项调查指标显示出可靠的工具效度，以及受访者回答时间的微小改善。事实上，这些指标（至少）在德国的在线调查领域是高质量的，并且在未来调查中值得纳入，仍可实现小幅效率提升。
