Bai Gaowa, Ni Kuikui, Tsuruta Takeshi, Nishino Naoki
Dept. of Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Okayama Univ, Okayama, Japan.
Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-engineering, Zhengzhou Univ, Zhengzhou, China.
J Food Sci. 2016 Aug;81(8):H2093-8. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13391. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
Although diet has an important influence on the composition of gut microbiota, the impact of dietary protein sources has only been studied to a minor extent. In this study, we examined the influence of different dietary protein sources regarding the effects of prebiotic oligosaccharides on the composition and metabolic activity of gut microbiota. Thirty female rats were fed casein and soy protein isolate with cellulose, raffinose (RAF), and fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Microbiota composition was examined by real-time qPCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Dietary protein source affected cecum microbiota; acetic acid concentration and Lactobacillus spp. populations were greater with soy protein than with casein. Prebiotic oligosaccharides had distinctive effects on gut microbiota; RAF increased the acetic acid concentration and Bifidobacterium spp. populations, and FOS increased the butyric acid concentration regardless of the dietary protein. Likewise, Bifidobacterium sp., Collinsella sp., and Lactobacillus sp. were detected in microbiota of the rats fed RAF, and Bacteroides sp., Roseburia sp., and Blautia sp. were seen in microbiota of the rats fed FOS. Interactions between dietary proteins and prebiotic oligosaccharides were observed with Clostridium perfringens group populations and cecum IgA concentration. RAF and FOS decreased C. perfringens group populations in casein-fed rats, and the combination of soy protein and RAF substantially increased cecum IgA concentration. These results indicate that dietary proteins can differentially modulate the effects of prebiotic oligosaccharides on gut fermentation and microbiota, depending on the type of carbohydrate polymers involved.
尽管饮食对肠道微生物群的组成有重要影响，但膳食蛋白质来源的影响仅在较小程度上得到研究。在本研究中，我们研究了不同膳食蛋白质来源对益生元寡糖对肠道微生物群组成和代谢活性影响的作用。30只雌性大鼠分别喂食酪蛋白和大豆分离蛋白，并添加纤维素、棉子糖（RAF）和低聚果糖（FOS）。通过实时定量PCR和变性梯度凝胶电泳检测微生物群组成。膳食蛋白质来源影响盲肠微生物群；大豆蛋白组的乙酸浓度和乳酸杆菌属种群数量高于酪蛋白组。益生元寡糖对肠道微生物群有独特影响；无论膳食蛋白质如何，RAF可提高乙酸浓度和双歧杆菌属种群数量，FOS可提高丁酸浓度。同样，在喂食RAF的大鼠微生物群中检测到双歧杆菌属、柯林斯菌属和乳酸杆菌属，在喂食FOS的大鼠微生物群中检测到拟杆菌属、罗斯氏菌属和布劳特氏菌属。在产气荚膜梭菌种群和盲肠IgA浓度方面观察到膳食蛋白质与益生元寡糖之间的相互作用。RAF和FOS可降低喂食酪蛋白大鼠的产气荚膜梭菌种群数量，大豆蛋白与RAF的组合可显著提高盲肠IgA浓度。这些结果表明，膳食蛋白质可根据所涉及的碳水化合物聚合物类型，差异性地调节益生元寡糖对肠道发酵和微生物群的影响。
