Bukman Andrea J, Teuscher Dorit, Ben Meftah Jamila, Groenenberg Iris, Crone Mathilde R, van Dijk Sandra, Bos Marieke B, Feskens Edith J M
Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, P.O Box 8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, P.O Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
BMC Fam Pract. 2016 Jul 21;17:85. doi: 10.1186/s12875-016-0476-1.
Low participation rates among ethnic minorities in preventive healthcare services are worrisome and not well understood. The objective of this study was to explore how adults of Turkish and Moroccan origin living in the Netherlands, aged 45 years and older, can be reached to participate in health checks for cardio-metabolic diseases and follow-up (lifestyle) advice.
This mixed-methods study used a convergent parallel design, to combine data of one quantitative study and three qualitative studies. Questionnaire data were included of 310 respondents, and interview data from 22 focus groups and four individual interviews. Participants were recruited via a research database, general practitioners and key figures. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and qualitative data were analysed using a thematic approach.
Regarding health checks, 50 % (95 % CI 41;59) of the Turkish questionnaire respondents and 66 % (95 % CI 57;76) of the Moroccan questionnaire respondents preferred an invitation from their general practitioner. The preferred location to fill out the health check questionnaire was for both ethnic groups the general practitioner's office or at home, on paper. Regarding advice, both groups preferred to receive advice at individual level rather than in a group, via either a physician or a specialised healthcare professional. It was emphasised that the person who gives lifestyle advice should be familiar with the (eating) habits of the targeted individual. Sixty-one percent (95 % CI 53;69) of the Turkish respondents preferred to receive information in their native language compared to 37 % (95 % CI 29;45) of the Moroccan respondents. Several participants mentioned a low proficiency in the local language as an explanation for their preference to fill out the health check questionnaire at home, to receive advice from an ethnic-matched professional, and to receive information in their native language.
The general practitioner is considered as a promising contact to reach adults of Turkish and Moroccan origin for health checks or (lifestyle) advice. It might be necessary to provide information in individuals' native language to overcome language barriers. In addition, (lifestyle) advice must be tailored. The obtained insight into preferences of Turkish and Moroccan adults regarding reach for preventive healthcare services could help professionals to successfully target these groups.
少数族裔在预防性医疗服务中的参与率较低，这令人担忧且尚未得到充分理解。本研究的目的是探讨如何让居住在荷兰、年龄在45岁及以上的土耳其和摩洛哥裔成年人参与心血管代谢疾病的健康检查及后续（生活方式）建议。
这项混合方法研究采用了收敛平行设计，将一项定量研究和三项定性研究的数据相结合。纳入了310名受访者的问卷数据，以及来自22个焦点小组和4次个人访谈的访谈数据。参与者通过研究数据库、全科医生和关键人物招募。定量数据进行描述性分析，定性数据采用主题分析法进行分析。
关于健康检查，50%（95%置信区间41；59）的土耳其问卷受访者和66%（95%置信区间57；76）的摩洛哥问卷受访者更喜欢收到全科医生的邀请。两个族裔群体填写健康检查问卷的首选地点都是全科医生办公室或家里，采用纸质形式。关于建议，两个群体都更喜欢通过医生或专业医疗保健人员在个人层面而非群体层面接受建议。强调提供生活方式建议的人应该熟悉目标个体的（饮食）习惯。61%（95%置信区间53；69）的土耳其受访者更喜欢用母语接收信息，而摩洛哥受访者这一比例为37%（95%置信区间29；45）。几位参与者提到当地语言能力低是他们更喜欢在家中填写健康检查问卷、接受族裔匹配专业人员建议以及用母语接收信息的一个原因。
全科医生被认为是联系土耳其和摩洛哥裔成年人进行健康检查或（生活方式）建议的有希望的联系人。可能有必要用个人的母语提供信息以克服语言障碍。此外，（生活方式）建议必须量身定制。对土耳其和摩洛哥成年人在获得预防性医疗服务方面的偏好的了解，有助于专业人员成功地针对这些群体。
