Teuscher Dorit, Bukman Andrea J, van Baak Marleen A, Feskens Edith J M, Renes Reint Jan, Meershoek Agnes
Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, NUTRIM , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University , Wageningen , The Netherlands.
Crit Public Health. 2015 Oct 20;25(5):615-626. doi: 10.1080/09581596.2014.962013. Epub 2014 Sep 30.
Lifestyle interventions often fail to successfully reach individuals with lower socio-economic status (SES), possibly because of the individual behavioural orientation to health behaviour and because limited research has included the target groups' perspectives in the development of interventions. Certainly, in order to make lifestyle interventions more applicable, target groups' viewpoints should to be taken into account. In order to tailor an effective lifestyle intervention to groups with lower SES of different ethnic origins, 14 focus group interviews were conducted with Turkish, Moroccan and Dutch male and female groups. The target groups' responses highlight their viewpoint and their dilemmas with regard to physical activity behaviour and healthy eating. Exploration of the target groups' behaviour in terms of their own logic revealed three prominent themes. Firstly, some individuals find it difficult to maintain healthy eating habits and regular physical activities, as their concept of a healthy life comprises competing values and activities. Secondly, social norms and social practices of others influence health behaviour. Thirdly, respondents' answers reflect how they deal with the dilemma of competing values and norms. They use different ways of reasoning to make sense of their own (health) behaviour. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that considering physical activity and eating as collective social practices rather than as determinants of health will provide new opportunities to initiate healthy lifestyles and to make lifestyle interventions more applicable to target groups' realities.
生活方式干预往往未能成功惠及社会经济地位较低（SES）的人群，这可能是由于个体对健康行为的行为取向，也因为在干预措施的制定过程中，仅有有限的研究纳入了目标群体的观点。当然，为了使生活方式干预更具适用性，应该考虑目标群体的观点。为了针对不同种族出身的社会经济地位较低的群体量身定制有效的生活方式干预措施，我们对土耳其、摩洛哥和荷兰的男性和女性群体进行了14次焦点小组访谈。目标群体的回答突出了他们对于体育活动行为和健康饮食的观点及困境。从目标群体自身逻辑的角度对其行为进行探究，发现了三个突出的主题。首先，一些人发现难以维持健康的饮食习惯和规律的体育活动，因为他们对健康生活的概念包含相互冲突的价值观和活动。其次，他人的社会规范和社会行为会影响健康行为。第三，受访者的回答反映了他们如何应对相互冲突的价值观和规范的困境。他们使用不同的推理方式来理解自己的（健康）行为。总体而言，本研究结果表明，将体育活动和饮食视为集体社会行为而非健康的决定因素，将为倡导健康生活方式以及使生活方式干预更适用于目标群体的实际情况提供新的机会。
