Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Servei de Genòmica, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Nat Genet. 2016 Sep;48(9):1066-70. doi: 10.1038/ng.3621. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
To shed light on the peopling of South Asia and the origins of the morphological adaptations found there, we analyzed whole-genome sequences from 10 Andamanese individuals and compared them with sequences for 60 individuals from mainland Indian populations with different ethnic histories and with publicly available data from other populations. We show that all Asian and Pacific populations share a single origin and expansion out of Africa, contradicting an earlier proposal of two independent waves of migration. We also show that populations from South and Southeast Asia harbor a small proportion of ancestry from an unknown extinct hominin, and this ancestry is absent from Europeans and East Asians. The footprints of adaptive selection in the genomes of the Andamanese show that the characteristic distinctive phenotypes of this population (including very short stature) do not reflect an ancient African origin but instead result from strong natural selection on genes related to human body size.
为了阐明南亚的人类迁徙和那里发现的形态适应的起源，我们分析了 10 名安达曼人的全基因组序列，并将其与来自具有不同民族历史的印度大陆人群的 60 个个体的序列以及来自其他人群的公开可用数据进行了比较。我们的结果表明，所有亚洲和太平洋地区的人群都拥有一个单一的起源和从非洲的扩张，这与早期提出的两个独立的迁徙浪潮的假说相矛盾。我们还表明，南亚和东南亚的人群拥有一小部分来自未知灭绝原始人类的祖先，而这部分祖先在欧洲人和东亚人中是不存在的。安达曼人的基因组中的适应性选择的痕迹表明，该人群的特征性独特表型（包括非常矮小的身材）并不反映古老的非洲起源，而是由于与人体大小相关的基因受到强烈的自然选择的结果。
