Konstantareas M M, Homatidis S
Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1989 May;30(3):459-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1989.tb00259.x.
Parents of 44 autistic children rated their children's symptom severity and their own stress on a 14-item symptom scale. Thirteen child and family characteristics were also examined to assess how they affected symptom perception and stress. Preschoolers were rated less symptomatic by their parents than by clinicians. Lower functioning, nonverbal, odd-looking, self-abusive, seizuring and hyperirritable children were rated more symptomatic than their peers. Best predictor of stress for both parents was a child's self-abuse; for mothers hyperirritability and older age were also associated with elevated stress scores. Compared with parents of matched normal children, mothers of autistic children reported the most aggravations and expressed the need for additional support from their spouses.
44名自闭症儿童的家长在一个包含14个项目的症状量表上对孩子的症状严重程度和自身压力进行了评分。同时还考察了13项儿童和家庭特征，以评估它们如何影响症状认知和压力。家长对学龄前儿童症状的评分低于临床医生的评分。功能较低、不会说话、长相怪异、有自伤行为、有癫痫发作和易激惹的儿童比同龄人被评为症状更严重。对父母双方来说，压力的最佳预测因素是孩子的自伤行为；对母亲来说，孩子易激惹和年龄较大也与压力得分升高有关。与匹配的正常儿童的家长相比，自闭症儿童的母亲报告的烦恼最多，并表示需要配偶提供更多支持。
