Bebko J M, Konstantareas M M, Springer J
Department of Psychology, York University, Ontario, Canada.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1987 Dec;17(4):565-76. doi: 10.1007/BF01486971.
This study assessed the impact of various individual symptoms of autism on mothers and fathers, and professionals' accuracy in estimating parents' perceived stress levels. Mothers and fathers of 20 autistic children, and 20 therapists working with those children, independently rated the severity of common symptoms of autism in their child, and how stressful they found each symptom; therapists estimated parental stress. The autistic child's language and cognitive impairment were judged by all raters as most severe and stressful. In contrast with other studies, individual parents agreed on both symptom severity and degree of stress. Parents of older children judged symptom severity to be lower, but fathers reported a continued high level of stress. Professionals judged families as more stressed by the child symptoms than did families themselves. Implications for intervention and casework are discussed.
本研究评估了自闭症的各种个体症状对母亲、父亲的影响，以及专业人员在估计父母感知压力水平方面的准确性。20名自闭症儿童的母亲和父亲，以及与这些儿童合作的20名治疗师，分别对其孩子自闭症常见症状的严重程度，以及他们认为每种症状带来的压力程度进行了评分；治疗师估计了父母的压力。所有评分者都认为自闭症儿童的语言和认知障碍最为严重且压力最大。与其他研究不同的是，个别父母在症状严重程度和压力程度上达成了一致。年龄较大孩子的父母认为症状严重程度较低，但父亲报告的压力水平持续较高。专业人员认为家庭因孩子的症状承受的压力比家庭自身认为的更大。文中讨论了对干预和个案工作的启示。
