Carr Tara F
Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2016 Jul;30(4):241-5. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4322.
Sinusitis is a common disorder associated with significant patient symptomatology that adversely affects quality of life. Sinusitis can cause further morbidity and mortality through its impact on comorbid disorders, progression of inflammation, and extension of infection.
This review highlights common complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
ABRS is complicated by orbital infections, such as pre- or postseptal cellulitis, and by intracranial infections, including abscesses of the epidural and subdural spaces. CRS can contribute to asthma, sleep disordered breathing, and smell disorders. CRS can be complicated by development of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis or deformity of surrounding bony structures. Fungal complications contribute to morbidity and mortality.
Complications of ABRS, although relatively rare, can cause significant morbidity and mortality, and must be promptly recognized. CRS commonly complicates or drives comorbid diseases, which adversely impacts quality of life. Treatment of these complications often requires coordinated multidisciplinary care.
鼻窦炎是一种常见疾病，伴有明显的患者症状，对生活质量有不利影响。鼻窦炎可通过影响合并症、炎症进展和感染扩散导致进一步的发病和死亡。
本综述重点介绍急性细菌性鼻-鼻窦炎（ABRS）和慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）的常见并发症。
ABRS的并发症包括眼眶感染，如眶隔前或眶隔后蜂窝织炎，以及颅内感染，包括硬膜外和硬膜下间隙脓肿。CRS可导致哮喘、睡眠呼吸障碍和嗅觉障碍。CRS可能并发变应性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎或周围骨质结构畸形。真菌并发症会导致发病和死亡。
ABRS的并发症虽然相对少见，但可导致严重的发病和死亡，必须及时识别。CRS常使合并症复杂化或引发合并症，对生活质量产生不利影响。这些并发症的治疗通常需要多学科协作护理。
