a College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.
b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.
Bioengineered. 2017 Mar 4;8(2):124-128. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1212138. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
Plant hormones are a class of organic substances which are synthesized during the plant metabolism. They have obvious physiological effect on plant growth at very low concentrations. Generally, plant hormones are mainly divided into 5 categories: auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA). With the deepening of research, some novel plant hormones such as brassinosteroid and salicylates have been found and identified. The plant hormone products are mainly obtained through plant extraction, chemical synthesis as well as microbial fermentation. However, the extremely low yield in plants and relatively complex chemical structure limit the development of the former 2 approaches. Therefore, more attention has been paid into the microbial fermentative production. In this commentary, the developments and technological achievements of the 2 important plant hormones (GAs and ABA) have been discussed. The discovery, producing strains, fermentation technologies, and their accumulation mechanisms are first introduced. Furthermore, progresses in the industrial mass scale production are discussed. Finally, guidelines for future studies for GAs and ABA production are proposed in light of the current progress, challenges and trends in the field. With the widespread use of plant hormones in agriculture, we believe that the microbial production of plant hormones will have a bright future.
植物激素是一类在植物代谢过程中合成的有机物质。它们在非常低的浓度下对植物生长具有明显的生理作用。通常，植物激素主要分为 5 类：生长素、细胞分裂素、乙烯、赤霉素（GAs）和脱落酸（ABA）。随着研究的深入，发现并鉴定了一些新型植物激素，如油菜素内酯和水杨酸。植物激素产品主要通过植物提取、化学合成和微生物发酵获得。然而，植物中极低的产量和相对复杂的化学结构限制了前两种方法的发展。因此，人们越来越关注微生物发酵生产。在这篇评论中，讨论了两种重要植物激素（GA 和 ABA）的发展和技术成就。首先介绍了它们的发现、生产菌株、发酵技术及其积累机制。此外，还讨论了在工业大规模生产方面的进展。最后，根据该领域的当前进展、挑战和趋势，为 GA 和 ABA 的生产提出了未来研究的指导方针。随着植物激素在农业中的广泛应用，我们相信植物激素的微生物生产将有一个光明的未来。
