护士健康研究对肾结石病的见解。
Insights Into Nephrolithiasis From the Nurses' Health Studies.
作者信息
Prochaska Megan L, Taylor Eric N, Curhan Gary C
机构信息
Megan L. Prochaska, Eric N. Taylor, and Gary C. Curhan are with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. Megan L. Prochaska and Gary C. Curhan are also with Harvard Medical School, Boston. Eric N. Taylor is also with the Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2016 Sep;106(9):1638-43. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303319. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
OBJECTIVES
To review the contributions of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) I and NHS II to understanding the role of dietary factors, beverages, body size, and urinary factors in the development of kidney stones.
METHODS
We conducted a review of kidney stone-related publications of NHS I and NHS II between 1976 and 2016.
RESULTS
Studies using NHS I and NHS II data have demonstrated the importance of many factors in kidney stone formation and were the first to report that higher dietary calcium was associated with a lower risk of incident kidney stones in women. Data from these cohorts were instrumental in emphasizing that nephrolithiasis is a systemic disease and suggesting that a kidney stone or shared risk factors may lead to hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings from the NHSs have changed the scientific understanding and the clinical practice of stone prevention and have been incorporated into widely consulted textbooks and the American Urological Association Medical Management of Kidney Stones guidelines.
目的
回顾护士健康研究（NHS）I和NHS II在理解饮食因素、饮料、体型和尿液因素在肾结石形成中的作用方面所做的贡献。
方法
我们对1976年至2016年间NHS I和NHS II与肾结石相关的出版物进行了综述。
结果
利用NHS I和NHS II数据开展的研究证明了许多因素在肾结石形成中的重要性，并且首次报告了较高的膳食钙摄入量与女性肾结石发病风险较低相关。这些队列研究的数据有助于强调肾结石是一种全身性疾病，并表明肾结石或共同的风险因素可能导致高血压、糖尿病和心血管疾病。
结论
NHS的研究结果改变了对结石预防的科学认识和临床实践，并已被纳入广泛参考的教科书以及美国泌尿外科协会的《肾结石医疗管理指南》中。
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