Urology Department, Joan XXIII University Hospital, 43005 Tarragona, Spain.
Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 2;15(11):2607. doi: 10.3390/nu15112607.
Diet can be a helpful tool to enhance the quality of urine and lower the likelihood and recurrence of kidney stones. This study set out to identify the foods and nutrients that are associated with each type of calcium oxalate kidney stone formation. A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted. Between 2018 and 2021, a sample of 90 cases (13 cases with papillary COM, 27 with non-papillary COM, and 50 with COD kidney stones), as well as a control group of 50 people, were chosen. A food intake frequency questionnaire was completed by the study's participants, and the results were compared between groups. Additionally, a comparison of the 24 h urine analysis between stone groups was made. Processed food and meat derivatives were linked to COM papillary calculi (OR = 1.051, = 0.032 and OR = 1.013, = 0.012, respectively). Consuming enough calcium may offer protection against non-papillary COM stones (OR = 0.997; = 0.002). Similarly, dairy product consumption was linked to COD calculi (OR = 1.005, = 0.001). In conclusion, a diet high in animal items may increase the risk of developing papillary COM stones. Consuming calcium may be preventive against non-papillary COM calculi, and dairy product consumption may be a risk factor for COD stones.
饮食可以作为一种有用的工具来提高尿液质量，并降低肾结石的发生和复发的可能性。本研究旨在确定与每种类型的草酸钙肾结石形成相关的食物和营养素。这是一项单中心、横断面研究。在 2018 年至 2021 年间，选择了 90 例病例（13 例有乳头 COM，27 例无乳头 COM，50 例 COD 肾结石）以及 50 名对照组作为研究对象。研究参与者完成了一份食物摄入频率问卷，并对各组结果进行了比较。此外，还对结石组的 24 小时尿液分析进行了比较。加工食品和肉类衍生品与 COM 乳头结石有关（OR=1.051， = 0.032 和 OR=1.013， = 0.012）。摄入足够的钙可能对非乳头 COM 结石有保护作用（OR=0.997； = 0.002）。同样，乳制品的摄入与 COD 结石有关（OR=1.005， = 0.001）。总之，高动物制品的饮食可能会增加乳头 COM 结石的风险。摄入钙可能对非乳头 COM 结石有预防作用，而乳制品的摄入可能是 COD 结石的危险因素。
