Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 109 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu Province, China.
BMC Urol. 2022 Apr 19;22(1):62. doi: 10.1186/s12894-022-01017-4.
Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common illness that causes an economic burden globally. It is easy for patients to relapse once they have suffered from this disease. The reported recurrence rate of KSD ranged from 6.1% to 66.9%. We performed this meta-analysis to identify various potential risk factors for the recurrence of KSD.
The PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched using suitable keywords from inception to Mar 2022. A total of 2,663 records were collected initially. After screening the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 53 articles (40 retrospective studies; 13 prospective studies) including 488,130 patients were enrolled. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42020171771).
The pooled results indicated that 12 risk factors including younger age (n = 18), higher BMI (n = 16), family history of kidney stones (n = 12), personal history of kidney stones (n = 11), hypertension (n = 5), uric acid stone (n = 4), race of Caucasian (n = 3), suspected kidney stone episode before the first confirmed stone episode (n = 3), surgery (n = 3), any concurrent asymptomatic (nonobstructing) stone (n = 2), pelvic or lower pole kidney stone (n = 2), and 24 h urine test completion (n = 2) were identified to be associated with KSD recurrence. In the subgroup analysis, patients with higher BMI (OR = 1.062), personal history of nephrolithiasis (OR = 1.402), or surgery (OR = 3.178) had a higher risk of radiographic KSD recurrence.
We identified 12 risk factors related to the recurrence of KSD. The results of this analysis could serve to construct recurrence prediction models. It could also supply a basis for preventing the recurrence of KSD.
肾结石病（KSD）是一种常见疾病，在全球范围内造成经济负担。患者一旦患有这种疾病，很容易复发。报道的 KSD 复发率为 6.1%至 66.9%。我们进行了这项荟萃分析，以确定 KSD 复发的各种潜在危险因素。
从建库到 2022 年 3 月，我们使用合适的关键词在 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了搜索。最初共收集了 2663 条记录。根据纳入和排除标准筛选文献后，共纳入 53 篇文章（40 篇回顾性研究；13 篇前瞻性研究），共纳入 488130 名患者。该研究方案已在 PROSPERO（编号：CRD42020171771）中注册。
汇总结果表明，12 个危险因素与 KSD 复发相关，包括年龄较小（n=18）、BMI 较高（n=16）、肾结石家族史（n=12）、肾结石个人史（n=11）、高血压（n=5）、尿酸结石（n=4）、白种人（n=3）、在首次确诊结石发作前疑似结石发作（n=3）、手术（n=3）、任何并发无症状（非梗阻性）结石（n=2）、骨盆或下极肾结石（n=2）和完成 24 小时尿液检测（n=2）。亚组分析显示，BMI 较高（OR=1.062）、肾结石个人史（OR=1.402）或手术（OR=3.178）的患者 KSD 影像学复发的风险更高。
我们确定了与 KSD 复发相关的 12 个危险因素。本分析的结果可用于构建复发预测模型，也可为预防 KSD 复发提供依据。
