Piao Wei, Wang Lijuan, Li Jin, Sun Jing, Wang Chen, Li Ying, Wei Yanli, Huo Junsheng, Yang Xiaoguang
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2016 May;45(3):414-9.
To preliminarily survey the intakes of energy and macronutrients in rural boarding school students and analyse the affect factors of discrepancies between different sex and age groups.
A total of 1834 rural boarding junior high school first grade students were selected from 16 provinces, and stratified cluster sampling method was used. The method of weight recording and three days dietary recall were used to investigate the diet of boarding school students.
The ratios which reached the EER of energy intakes in boy and girl groups were 37.0% and 46.7% (P < 0.05) respectively, and the proportion of the intakes level of EER among the age groups of 11y ~ and 14y ~ for both boys and girls were 93.4%, 81.1% (P < 0.05) and 102.1%, 87.1% (P < 0.05) respectively. The ratios which reached the EAR of protein intakes in boy and girl groups were 57.7% and 61.4% ( P > 0.05) respectively, and the proportion of the intakes level of EAR among the age groups of 11y ~ and 14y ~ for both boys and girls were 124.8%, 107.3% (P > 0.05) and 134.8%, 112.1% (P < 0.05) respectively. The ratios which reached the EAR of total carbohydrate intakes in boy and girl groups were 85.0% and 77.5% (P < 0.05) respectively, and the proportion of the intakes level of EAR among the age groups of 11y ~ and 14y ~ for both boys and girls were 202.0% and 240.0% (P < 0.05), 180.1% and 205.4% (P < 0.05 ) respectively. The ratios which reached the AMDR of total fat intakes in boy and girl groups were 25.4% and 22.0% (P > 0.05) respectively, and among the age groups of 11y ~ and 14y ~ for both boys and girls were 21.8% and 30.5% (P < 0.05), 20.2% and 25.5% (P > 0.05) respectively.
Double burden of nutrient might exist in the rural boarding schools. The status of nutrition could be improved evidently, by fulfilling the relative national policies, promoting the balance of the nutrition supplying in schools, and enriching the boarding students' knowledge of nutrition.
初步调查农村寄宿制学校学生能量及宏量营养素摄入情况，并分析不同性别和年龄组之间差异的影响因素。
从16个省份选取1834名农村寄宿制初中一年级学生，采用分层整群抽样方法。采用体重记录法和3天膳食回顾法调查寄宿制学校学生的饮食情况。
男生组和女生组能量摄入量达到能量推荐摄入量（EER）的比例分别为37.0%和46.7%（P<0.05），11岁～和14岁～年龄组男生和女生EER摄入水平的比例分别为93.4%、81.1%（P<0.05）和102.1%、87.1%（P<0.05）。男生组和女生组蛋白质摄入量达到蛋白质推荐摄入量（EAR）的比例分别为57.7%和61.4%（P>0.05），11岁～和14岁～年龄组男生和女生EAR摄入水平的比例分别为124.8%、107.3%（P>0.05）和134.8%、112.1%（P<0.05）。男生组和女生组总碳水化合物摄入量达到EAR的比例分别为85.0%和77.5%（P<0.05），11岁～和14岁～年龄组男生和女生EAR摄入水平的比例分别为202.0%和240.0%（P<0.05）、180.1%和205.4%（P<0.05）。男生组和女生组总脂肪摄入量达到脂肪适宜摄入量范围（AMDR）的比例分别为25.4%和22.0%（P>0.05），11岁～和14岁～年龄组男生和女生的比例分别为21.8%和30.5%（P<0.05）、20.2%和25.5%（P>0.05）。
农村寄宿制学校可能存在营养双重负担。通过落实相关国家政策、促进学校营养供给平衡以及丰富寄宿学生的营养知识，可明显改善营养状况。
