Patel Jayendrakumar B, Shah Franky D, Joshi Geeta M, Patel Prabhudas S
Biochemistry Research Division, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, India.
Deputy Director, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, India.
J Cancer Res Ther. 2016 Apr-Jun;12(2):447-57. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.147765.
Oral cancer has become a grave problem in many parts of the globe with two.thirds of the cases occurring in developing countries. Chronic inflammation plays a prominent role in the development of oral cancer. The rationale for molecular targeted prevention of oral cancer is promising. Therefore, there are continued improvements to our understanding of the molecular connections between inflammation and oral cancer. The inflammatory mediators including nuclear factor kappa B, vascular endothelial growth factor, inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin pathways, p53, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and microRNAs are major key players in the pathogenesis of oral cancer. Currently, visual cytology.based techniques and biopsy are used to detect dysplasia and early stage of oral squamous cell carcinoma. These approaches are limited in their ability to judge the severities of oral lesions and are useful only after the appearance of visual changes. Thus, traditional cytological and biopsy assays combined with testing of inflammatory biomarkers would be beneficial for the efficient early detection of oral dysplastic lesions and early stages of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
口腔癌已在全球许多地区成为一个严重问题，其中三分之二的病例发生在发展中国家。慢性炎症在口腔癌的发生发展中起着重要作用。分子靶向预防口腔癌的理论依据很有前景。因此，我们对炎症与口腔癌之间分子联系的理解不断取得进展。包括核因子κB、血管内皮生长因子、炎性细胞因子、前列腺素途径、p53、活性氧和氮物种以及微小RNA在内的炎症介质是口腔癌发病机制中的主要关键因素。目前，基于视觉细胞学的技术和活检用于检测发育异常和口腔鳞状细胞癌的早期阶段。这些方法在判断口腔病变严重程度方面能力有限，且仅在出现视觉变化后才有用。因此，传统的细胞学和活检检测与炎症生物标志物检测相结合，将有利于高效早期检测口腔发育异常病变和口腔鳞状细胞癌的早期阶段。
