二维材料和范德瓦尔斯异质结。

2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures.

机构信息

School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.

Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542.

出版信息

Science. 2016 Jul 29;353(6298):aac9439. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9439.

DOI:10.1126/science.aac9439

PMID:27471306

Abstract

The physics of two-dimensional (2D) materials and heterostructures based on such crystals has been developing extremely fast. With these new materials, truly 2D physics has begun to appear (for instance, the absence of long-range order, 2D excitons, commensurate-incommensurate transition, etc.). Novel heterostructure devices--such as tunneling transistors, resonant tunneling diodes, and light-emitting diodes--are also starting to emerge. Composed from individual 2D crystals, such devices use the properties of those materials to create functionalities that are not accessible in other heterostructures. Here we review the properties of novel 2D crystals and examine how their properties are used in new heterostructure devices.

摘要

基于二维（2D）晶体的二维材料和异质结构的物理学发展非常迅速。有了这些新材料，真正的 2D 物理学开始出现（例如，没有长程有序、2D 激子、相匹配-不匹配转变等）。新型异质结构器件——如隧道晶体管、共振隧道二极管和发光二极管——也开始出现。这些器件由单个 2D 晶体组成，利用这些材料的特性创造出其他异质结构无法实现的功能。在这里，我们回顾了新型 2D 晶体的特性，并研究了它们的特性如何用于新型异质结构器件。