Gandhi Jason, Chen Andrew, Dagur Gautam, Suh Yiji, Smith Noel, Cali Brianna, Khan Sardar Ali
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY.
Department of Urology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Dec;215(6):704-711. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.07.045. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause, a new term for a condition more renowned as atrophic vaginitis, is a hypoestrogenic condition with external genital, urological, and sexual implications that affects >50% of postmenopausal women. Due to sexual embarrassment and the sensitive nature of discussing symptoms, genitourinary syndrome of menopause is greatly underdiagnosed. The most up-to-date literature pertaining to clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, etiology, evaluation, and management of genitourinary syndrome of menopause is comprehensively reviewed. Early detection and individually tailored pharmacologic (eg, estrogen therapy, selective estrogen receptor modulator, synthetic steroid, oxytocin, and dehydroepiandrosterone) and/or nonpharmacologic (eg, laser therapies, moisturizers and lubricants, homeopathic remedies, and lifestyle modifications) treatment is paramount for not only improving quality of life but also for preventing exacerbation of symptoms in women with this condition.
绝经泌尿生殖综合征，是一种更为人熟知的萎缩性阴道炎的新术语，是一种雌激素缺乏状态，对外阴、泌尿系统及性功能有影响，影响超过50%的绝经后女性。由于性方面的尴尬以及讨论症状的敏感性质，绝经泌尿生殖综合征的诊断严重不足。本文全面综述了有关绝经泌尿生殖综合征的临床表现、病理生理学、病因、评估及管理的最新文献。早期检测以及个体化定制的药物治疗（如雌激素疗法、选择性雌激素受体调节剂、合成类固醇、催产素及脱氢表雄酮）和/或非药物治疗（如激光疗法、保湿剂和润滑剂、顺势疗法及生活方式改变）对于改善生活质量以及预防患有该疾病女性的症状加重至关重要。
