Hodges Ashley L, Holland Aimee C, Dehn Barbara, Pace Diane T
Nurs Womens Health. 2018 Oct;22(5):423-430. doi: 10.1016/j.nwh.2018.07.005. Epub 2018 Aug 29.
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), formerly referred to as vulvovaginal atrophy or atrophic vaginitis, is a common chronic condition that requires a collaborative treatment plan between a health care provider and a woman to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. Many women are not aware that symptoms can be controlled with treatment. Current treatment options approved for GSM include vaginal moisturizers, lubricants, and hormones. For women with GSM symptoms that are unresponsive to nonhormonal therapy, low-dose vaginal estrogen therapy is the preferred pharmacologic treatment. Clinicians should be trained to routinely ask appropriate questions during the history to elicit sufficient information to assess for GSM. Physical examination findings may further confirm suspicion of GSM.
更年期泌尿生殖综合征（GSM），以前称为外阴阴道萎缩或萎缩性阴道炎，是一种常见的慢性疾病，需要医疗保健提供者与女性共同制定治疗计划，以缓解症状并提高生活质量。许多女性并不知道症状可以通过治疗得到控制。目前批准用于GSM的治疗选择包括阴道保湿剂、润滑剂和激素。对于GSM症状对非激素治疗无反应的女性，低剂量阴道雌激素治疗是首选的药物治疗方法。临床医生应接受培训，在病史询问过程中常规询问适当的问题，以获取足够的信息来评估GSM。体格检查结果可能会进一步证实对GSM的怀疑。
