Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Carbohydr Polym. 2016 Oct 20;151:624-639. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.109. Epub 2016 May 31.
Chitosan, the only positively charged polysaccharide in the world, is very attractive for food, medicinal and pharmaceutical applications because of its promising properties, including non-toxicity, superb biodegradability, high biocompatibility, abundant availability and low cost. In order to overcome the poor water solubility and widen the applications of chitosan, various polyphenol-chitosan conjugates have been synthesized in recent years. The present review focuses on the chitosan-based conjugates formed using different polyphenols, including gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, salicylic acid, catechin, and EGGE, etc. Three major synthesis techniques, namely, activated ester-mediated modification, enzyme-mediated strategy, and free radical induced grafting approach are introduced in detail. In addition, the new physicochemical and biological properties of polyphenol-chitosan conjugates are introduced, including water solubility, thermo stability, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity, antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Furthermore, the novel applications of each conjugate are discussed in detail. Lastly, the challenges and prospective areas of study related to polyphenol-chitosan are summarized.
壳聚糖是世界上唯一带正电荷的多糖，由于其具有无毒、生物可降解性好、生物相容性高、来源丰富和成本低等优良特性，在食品、医药和制药等领域具有很大的吸引力。为了克服壳聚糖的水溶性差的问题，拓宽其应用范围，近年来合成了各种多酚-壳聚糖缀合物。本综述重点介绍了使用不同多酚（包括没食子酸、咖啡酸、阿魏酸、水杨酸、儿茶素和 EGGE 等）形成的基于壳聚糖的缀合物。详细介绍了三种主要的合成技术，即活化酯介导的修饰、酶介导的策略和自由基诱导接枝方法。此外，还介绍了多酚-壳聚糖缀合物的新物理化学和生物学性质，包括水溶性、热稳定性、体外和体内抗氧化活性、抗菌和抗癌活性。此外，还详细讨论了每种缀合物的新应用。最后，总结了与多酚-壳聚糖相关的挑战和未来研究领域。
