Akdaşçi Emir, Duman Hatice, Eker Furkan, Bechelany Mikhael, Karav Sercan
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Türkiye.
European Institute for Membranes (IEM), UMR-5635, University Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, CEDEX 5, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Jan 16;15(2):126. doi: 10.3390/nano15020126.
Chitosan, a multifaceted amino polysaccharide biopolymer derived from chitin, has extensive antibacterial efficacy against diverse pathogenic microorganisms, including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, in addition to fungi. Over the course of the last several decades, chitosan nanoparticles (NPs), which are polymeric and bio-based, have garnered a great deal of interest as efficient antibacterial agents. This is mostly due to the fact that they are used in a wide variety of applications, including medical treatments, food, chemicals, and agricultural products. Within the context of the antibacterial mechanism of chitosan and chitosan NPs, we present a review that provides an overview of the synthesis methods, including novel procedures, and compiles the applications that have been developed in the field of biomedicine. These applications include wound healing, drug delivery, dental treatment, water purification, agriculture, and food preservation. In addition to this, we focus on the mechanisms of action and the factors that determine the antibacterial activity of chitosan and its derivatives. In conjunction with this line of inquiry, researchers are strongly urged to concentrate their efforts on developing novel and ground-breaking applications of chitosan NPs.
壳聚糖是一种源自几丁质的多面性氨基多糖生物聚合物，除了对真菌有抗菌作用外，它对多种致病微生物，包括革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌，都具有广泛的抗菌功效。在过去几十年中，作为聚合物且基于生物的壳聚糖纳米颗粒（NPs），作为高效抗菌剂引起了极大关注。这主要是因为它们被用于广泛的应用领域，包括医疗、食品、化工和农产品。在壳聚糖和壳聚糖纳米颗粒的抗菌机制背景下，我们进行了一项综述，概述了其合成方法，包括新颖的制备工艺，并汇总了在生物医学领域已开发的应用。这些应用包括伤口愈合、药物递送、牙科治疗、水净化、农业和食品保鲜。除此之外，我们关注壳聚糖及其衍生物的作用机制以及决定其抗菌活性的因素。结合这一研究方向，强烈敦促研究人员集中精力开发壳聚糖纳米颗粒的新颖且突破性的应用。
