测量与评估肾功能。
Measuring and Assessing Kidney Function.
作者信息
Vart Priya, Grams Morgan E
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
出版信息
Semin Nephrol. 2016 Jul;36(4):262-72. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2016.05.003.
Assessment of kidney function is important for the detection and management of chronic kidney disease. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and level of albuminuria are two frequently used indices of kidney function assessment. Administration of an exogenous filtration marker to measure GFR and collection of urine for 24 hours to measure albumin excretion generally are considered the gold standard for GFR and albuminuria, respectively, but they are time consuming and onerous for the patient. Thus, in routine clinical practice, other methods are used more frequently to assess GFR and albuminuria. In this review, we discuss the role of GFR and albuminuria in staging of chronic kidney disease as well as the pros and cons and prognostic implications of various methods of assessment of GFR and albuminuria.
评估肾功能对于慢性肾脏病的检测和管理至关重要。肾小球滤过率（GFR）和蛋白尿水平是评估肾功能常用的两项指标。通常认为，给予外源性滤过标记物以测量GFR以及收集24小时尿液以测量白蛋白排泄量分别是GFR和蛋白尿的金标准，但它们耗时且给患者带来负担。因此，在常规临床实践中，更多地使用其他方法来评估GFR和蛋白尿。在本综述中，我们讨论了GFR和蛋白尿在慢性肾脏病分期中的作用，以及评估GFR和蛋白尿的各种方法的优缺点和预后意义。
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