Rożalski Michał, Rudnicka Lidia, Samochocki Zbigniew
Zbigniew Samochocki, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82a, 02-008 Warsaw, Poland ;
Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2016 Jun;24(2):110-5.
Atopic dermatitis is a common term used in the medical literature, but according to The Nomenclature Review Committee Of The World Allergy Organization the name which should be used is eczema. Eczema is divided into two subtypes: atopic and non-atopic. These subtypes differ in the level of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum, response to allergens in skin prick tests, and detection of specific IgE antibodies. Non-atopic eczema is characterized by a low level of total IgE, negative skin prick tests, and undetectable specific IgE antibodies. It is estimated that 10-45% cases of eczema are non-atopic ones. In recent studies, other features differentiating these two subtypes have been identified, such as female predominance in non-atopic eczema. A more severe course, damage of the epidermal barrier, predominance of Th2 (T helper cells 2) response, and a lower positive reaction to metal patch tests are the characteristics of the atopic subtype. In our opinion, new diagnostic criteria taking into account the non-atopic subtype of eczema need to be established.
特应性皮炎是医学文献中常用的术语，但根据世界过敏组织命名审查委员会的说法，应该使用的名称是湿疹。湿疹分为两种亚型：特应性和非特应性。这些亚型在血清中总免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平、皮肤点刺试验对过敏原的反应以及特异性IgE抗体的检测方面存在差异。非特应性湿疹的特征是总IgE水平低、皮肤点刺试验阴性以及无法检测到特异性IgE抗体。据估计，10-45%的湿疹病例是非特应性的。在最近的研究中，已经确定了区分这两种亚型的其他特征，例如非特应性湿疹中女性占主导。病程更严重、表皮屏障受损、Th2（辅助性T细胞2）反应占主导以及对金属斑贴试验的阳性反应较低是特应性亚型的特征。我们认为，需要建立考虑到湿疹非特应性亚型的新诊断标准。
