Toxicogenomics and Predictive Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Aug;54(6):4738-4755. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-0016-y. Epub 2016 Aug 1.
Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve the food demand for escalating population along with an incredible boost in the average human life span owing to orchestrated progress in rejuvenation therapy have gradually increased the occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD). Etiology is albeit elusive; association of PD with metal accumulation has never been overlooked due to noteworthy similitude between metal-exposure symptoms and a few cardinal features of disease. Even though metals are entailed in the vital functions, a hysterical shift, primarily augmentation, escorts the stern nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration. An increase in the passage of metals through the blood brain barrier and impaired metabolic activity and elimination system could lead to metal accumulation in the brain, which eventually makes dopaminergic neurons quite susceptible. In the present article, an update on implication of metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism has been provided. Moreover, encouraging and paradoxical facts and fictions associated with metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism have also been compiled. Systematic literature survey of PD is performed to describe updated information if metal accumulation is an epicenter or merely an outcome. Finally, a perspective on the association of metal accumulation with pesticide-induced Parkinsonism has been explained to unveil the likely impact of the former in the latter.
由于大量使用金属来维持奢侈的生活，以及由于抗衰老疗法的精心推进导致人类平均寿命的惊人延长，从而导致人口不断增加，因此不必要的暴露逐渐增加了帕金森病（PD）的发生。病因虽然难以捉摸；但是，由于金属暴露症状与疾病的几个主要特征之间存在显著相似性，因此从未忽视过 PD 与金属积累的关联。尽管金属参与了重要的功能，但主要是增加，会伴随着严重的黑质纹状体多巴胺能神经退行性变。金属通过血脑屏障的通透性增加、代谢活性和消除系统受损，可能导致金属在大脑中积累，这最终使多巴胺能神经元非常容易受到影响。本文综述了金属积累在 PD/帕金森病中的作用。此外，还汇编了与 PD 中金属积累相关的令人鼓舞和矛盾的事实和虚构。对 PD 的系统文献综述旨在描述金属积累是否是核心问题或仅仅是结果。最后，解释了金属积累与农药诱导的帕金森病之间的关联，以揭示前者对后者的可能影响。
