Harris Patricia R E
Department of Nursing, School of Health and Natural Sciences, Dominican University of California, 50 Acacia Avenue, San Rafael, CA 94901, USA.
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2016 Sep;28(3):281-96. doi: 10.1016/j.cnc.2016.04.002. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a well-established diagnostic tool extensively used in clinical settings. Knowledge of cardiac rhythm and mastery of cardiac waveform interpretation are fundamental for intensive care nurses. Recognition of the normal findings for the 12-lead ECG and understanding the significance of changes from baseline in continuous cardiac monitoring are essential steps toward ensuring safe patient care. This article highlights historical developments in electrocardiography, describes the normal resting 12-lead ECG, and discusses the need for continuous cardiac monitoring. In addition, future directions for the ECG are explored briefly.
心电图（ECG）是一种成熟的诊断工具，在临床环境中广泛应用。掌握心律失常知识和精通心脏波形解读对于重症监护护士至关重要。识别12导联心电图的正常表现以及理解连续心脏监测中与基线相比变化的意义是确保患者安全护理的关键步骤。本文重点介绍了心电图学的历史发展，描述了正常静息12导联心电图，并讨论了连续心脏监测的必要性。此外，还简要探讨了心电图的未来发展方向。
