Sapierzyński R, Kliczkowska-Klarowicz K, Jankowska U, Jagielski D
Pol J Vet Sci. 2016;19(2):433-9. doi: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0055.
Malignant lymphomas are one of the most common malignant tumours occurring in dogs. The basic method of lymphoma diagnosis in human, as well as in canine oncology is histopathology supported by immunohistochemistry. It was suggested that in veterinary medicine excisional biopsy of lymph node and histopathology should be considered only where the cytologic diagnosis is equivocal or needs to be confirmed. There are at least three basic reasons for which cytological examination ought to be accepted as a sufficient and reliable diagnostic method for lymphoma in dogs. Firstly, most dog owners consider the fine-needle biopsy as an acceptable non-harmful method of sample collection. Secondly, an increasing number of studies recommend cytology as an accurate test for diagnosing and subtyping canine lymphoma. Finally, the vast majority of canine lymphoma subtypes belong to 4-5 categories characterized by a typical cytological picture. Immunocytochemical staining of cytological smears gives new diagnostic possibilities, such as detection of markers better characterizing given growth or a potential goal for target therapy in individual cases (for example inhibitors of platelet-derived growth factor).
恶性淋巴瘤是犬类最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。在人类肿瘤学以及犬类肿瘤学中，淋巴瘤诊断的基本方法是组织病理学，并辅以免疫组织化学。有人认为，在兽医学中，只有在细胞学诊断不明确或需要确认时，才应考虑进行淋巴结切除活检和组织病理学检查。至少有三个基本原因使得细胞学检查应被视为犬类淋巴瘤充分且可靠的诊断方法。首先，大多数狗主人认为细针穿刺活检是一种可接受的、无害的样本采集方法。其次，越来越多的研究推荐将细胞学作为诊断和区分犬类淋巴瘤亚型的准确检测方法。最后，绝大多数犬类淋巴瘤亚型属于4至5个类别，具有典型的细胞学特征。细胞学涂片的免疫细胞化学染色提供了新的诊断可能性，例如检测能够更好地表征特定生长情况的标志物，或针对个别病例的潜在靶向治疗目标（例如血小板衍生生长因子抑制剂）。
