Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Public Health. 2016 Nov;140:163-171. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
This study was conducted with the goal of investigating the effect of various food consumption on the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Prospective cohort study.
This study conducted on 3616 healthy adults aged ≥20 years, who were not affected with MetS. Nutritional intake was determined at the beginning of the study (2008-2011) by the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and the incidence of MetS was investigated after a median of 24.6 months follow-up. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression, with 95% confidence interval.
After adjusting the effect of other variables in the model many foods in the whole grains group such as Sangak bread (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.11-1.56), multiple types of vegetables and fruits - such as peach (OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.75), and mushroom (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11-0.71) had protective effects against MetS. From the dairy group yoghurt (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.18-1.01) and ice cream (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.12-1.06) had similar such effects.
Based on our findings, there was a significant rise in the incidence of MetS in Iran. The daily consumption of foods from the whole grains, dairy, vegetable and fruit groups can help reduce the odds of MetS.
本研究旨在探讨各种食物消费对代谢综合征（MetS）发病率的影响。
前瞻性队列研究。
本研究纳入了 3616 名年龄≥20 岁、无 MetS 的健康成年人。在研究开始时（2008-2011 年）通过食物频率问卷（FFQ）确定营养摄入量，并在中位数为 24.6 个月的随访后调查 MetS 的发病率。采用多因素逻辑回归分析，95%置信区间。
在调整模型中其他变量的影响后，全谷物组中的多种食物，如 Sangak 面包（OR=0.35，95%CI：0.11-1.56）、多种蔬菜和水果，如桃（OR=0.11，95%CI：0.01-0.75）和蘑菇（OR=0.28，95%CI：0.11-0.71），对 MetS 具有保护作用。来自乳制品组的酸奶（OR=0.43，95%CI：0.18-1.01）和冰淇淋（OR=0.35，95%CI：0.12-1.06）也具有类似的作用。
基于我们的发现，伊朗 MetS 的发病率显著上升。食用全谷物、乳制品、蔬菜和水果组的食物可降低 MetS 的发病风险。
