Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; email:
Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294.
Annu Rev Virol. 2016 Sep 29;3(1):517-532. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042226. Epub 2016 Aug 3.
Mammalian polyomaviruses are characterized by establishing persistent infections in healthy hosts and generally causing clinical disease only in hosts whose immune systems are compromised. Despite the fact that these viruses were discovered decades ago, our knowledge of the mechanisms that govern viral persistence and reactivation is limited. Whereas mouse polyomavirus has been studied in a fair amount of detail, our understanding of the human viruses in particular is mostly inferred from experiments aimed at addressing other questions. In this review, we summarize the state of our current knowledge, draw conclusions when possible, and suggest areas that are in need of further study.
哺乳动物多瘤病毒的特征是在健康宿主中建立持续性感染，通常仅在免疫系统受损的宿主中引起临床疾病。尽管这些病毒几十年前就被发现了，但我们对控制病毒持续性和重新激活的机制的了解仍然有限。虽然已经对小鼠多瘤病毒进行了相当详细的研究，但我们对人类病毒的了解主要是从旨在解决其他问题的实验中推断出来的。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们目前的知识状况，在可能的情况下得出结论，并提出了需要进一步研究的领域。
