Krumbholz Andi, Bininda-Emonds Olaf R P, Wutzler Peter, Zell Roland
Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 2, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Infect Genet Evol. 2009 Sep;9(5):784-99. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2009.04.008. Epub 2009 Apr 18.
The increasing frequency of tissue transplantation, recent progress in the development and application of immunomodulators, and the depressingly high number of AIDS patients worldwide have placed human polyomaviruses, a group of pathogens that can become reactivated under the status of immunosuppression, suddenly in the spotlight. Since the first description of a polyomavirus a half-century ago in 1953, a multiplicity of human and animal polyomaviruses have been discovered. After reviewing the history of research into this group, with a special focus is made on the clinical importance of human polyomaviruses, we conclude by elucidating the phylogenetic relationships and thus evolutionary history of these viruses. Our phylogenetic analyses are based on all available putative polyomavirus species as well as including all subtypes, subgroups, and (sub)lineages of the human BK and JC polyomaviruses. Finally, we reveal that the hypothesis of a strict codivergence of polyomaviruses with their respective hosts does not represent a realistic assumption in light of phylogenetic findings presented here.
组织移植频率的不断增加、免疫调节剂开发与应用的最新进展，以及全球艾滋病患者数量多得令人沮丧，使得人类多瘤病毒这一类在免疫抑制状态下会重新激活的病原体突然成为焦点。自半个世纪前的1953年首次描述一种多瘤病毒以来，已发现多种人类和动物多瘤病毒。在回顾了该病毒组的研究历史，特别关注人类多瘤病毒的临床重要性之后，我们通过阐明这些病毒的系统发育关系及进化史得出结论。我们的系统发育分析基于所有可用的假定多瘤病毒物种，包括人类BK和JC多瘤病毒的所有亚型、亚组和（亚）谱系。最后，根据此处呈现的系统发育研究结果，我们揭示多瘤病毒与其各自宿主严格共分化的假设并不现实。
