Safaei Soroush, Bradley Christopher P, Suresh Vinod, Mithraratne Kumar, Muller Alexandre, Ho Harvey, Ladd David, Hellevik Leif R, Omholt Stig W, Chase J Geoffrey, Müller Lucas O, Watanabe Sansuke M, Blanco Pablo J, de Bono Bernard, Hunter Peter J
Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Physiol. 2016 Dec 1;594(23):6909-6928. doi: 10.1113/JP272660. Epub 2016 Sep 29.
Computational models of many aspects of the mammalian cardiovascular circulation have been developed. Indeed, along with orthopaedics, this area of physiology is one that has attracted much interest from engineers, presumably because the equations governing blood flow in the vascular system are well understood and can be solved with well-established numerical techniques. Unfortunately, there have been only a few attempts to create a comprehensive public domain resource for cardiovascular researchers. In this paper we propose a roadmap for developing an open source cardiovascular circulation model. The model should be registered to the musculo-skeletal system. The computational infrastructure for the cardiovascular model should provide for near real-time computation of blood flow and pressure in all parts of the body. The model should deal with vascular beds in all tissues, and the computational infrastructure for the model should provide links into CellML models of cell function and tissue function. In this work we review the literature associated with 1D blood flow modelling in the cardiovascular system, discuss model encoding standards, software and a model repository. We then describe the coordinate systems used to define the vascular geometry, derive the equations and discuss the implementation of these coupled equations in the open source computational software OpenCMISS. Finally, some preliminary results are presented and plans outlined for the next steps in the development of the model, the computational software and the graphical user interface for accessing the model.
人们已经开发出了哺乳动物心血管循环多个方面的计算模型。事实上，与骨科一样，生理学的这一领域吸引了工程师们的极大兴趣，大概是因为血管系统中血流的控制方程已被充分理解，并且可以用成熟的数值技术求解。不幸的是，为心血管研究人员创建一个全面的公共领域资源的尝试寥寥无几。在本文中，我们提出了一个开发开源心血管循环模型的路线图。该模型应与肌肉骨骼系统相关联。心血管模型的计算基础设施应能对身体各部位的血流和压力进行近实时计算。该模型应处理所有组织中的血管床，并且模型的计算基础设施应能与细胞功能和组织功能的CellML模型建立链接。在这项工作中，我们回顾了与心血管系统中一维血流建模相关的文献，讨论了模型编码标准、软件和模型库。然后我们描述了用于定义血管几何形状的坐标系，推导了方程，并讨论了这些耦合方程在开源计算软件OpenCMISS中的实现。最后，给出了一些初步结果，并概述了模型、计算软件以及用于访问模型的图形用户界面下一步开发的计划。
