Bottary Ryan, Sonni Akshata, Wright David, Spencer Rebecca M C
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Neuroscience and Behavior, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Learn Mem. 2016 Aug 16;23(9):455-9. doi: 10.1101/lm.043042.116. Print 2016 Sep.
Sleep enhances motor sequence learning (MSL) in young adults by concatenating subsequences ("chunks") formed during skill acquisition. To examine whether this process is reduced in aging, we assessed performance changes on the MSL task following overnight sleep or daytime wake in healthy young and older adults. Young adult performance enhancement was correlated with nREM2 sleep, and facilitated by preferential improvement of slowest within-sequence transitions. This effect was markedly reduced in older adults, and accompanied by diminished sigma power density (12-15 Hz) during nREM2 sleep, suggesting that diminished chunk concatenation following sleep may underlie reduced consolidation of MSL in older adults.
睡眠通过将技能习得过程中形成的子序列（“组块”）串联起来，增强了年轻人的运动序列学习（MSL）。为了研究衰老过程中这一过程是否会减弱，我们评估了健康年轻人和老年人在夜间睡眠或白天清醒后进行MSL任务时的表现变化。年轻人的表现提升与非快速眼动睡眠第二期（nREM2）相关，并且序列内最慢转换的优先改善起到了促进作用。在老年人中，这种效应明显减弱，并且在nREM2睡眠期间伴随有西格玛功率密度（12 - 15赫兹）的降低，这表明睡眠后组块串联减少可能是老年人MSL巩固减少的基础。
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