Gallo Mia V, Ravenscroft Julia, Carpenter David O, Frye Cheryl, Cook Beverly, Schell Lawrence M
University at Albany, Department of Anthropology, A&S 237, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, United States; Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany-SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, United States.
University at Albany, Department of Anthropology, A&S 237, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, United States.
Environ Res. 2016 Nov;151:410-418. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.007. Epub 2016 Aug 18.
Although the potential for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to disrupt female fecundity is great, few studies have assessed the threat to human reproduction. This study investigates levels of organochlorines in relation to their impact on women's menstrual cycles and ovulatory status. To address concerns of the Akwesasne Mohawk community in upstate New York regarding well-established exposure to EDCs, women's fertility and reproductive health endpoints, we recruited 215 women between the ages of 21 and 38 years to measure menstrual cycle characteristics and levels of local pollutants. Of these, 155 women collected saliva over the course of their menstrual cycle allowing for analysis of estradiol and progesterone levels and the determination of ovulatory status in relationship to their serum pollutant levels. A subset of participants (15) who did not commence cycling within a month of their enrollment were not included in the analysis, hence reducing the sample size to 140 participants. Additionally, a lipid panel, estradiol and progesterone were assessed in serum on Day 3 of the menstrual cycle. Median cycle length for women in the sample was 29 days. After aligning the cycles, 110 women were considered ovulatory and 45 (29%) anovulatory. Concentrations of groups of more persistent PCBs congeners, HCB, and p,p'-DDE did not differ significantly with ovulatory status. However, a sub-group of low-chlorinated PCB congeners, considered to be estrogenic were significantly higher among anovulatory women. These findings suggest that certain EDC's, ubiquitous in our environment, may adversely affect menstrual cycles and thus have the capacity to impair reproductive function, including likelihood of conception.
尽管内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）干扰女性生育能力的可能性很大，但很少有研究评估其对人类生殖的威胁。本研究调查了有机氯的水平及其对女性月经周期和排卵状态的影响。为了解决纽约州北部阿克瓦斯内莫霍克社区对已确定的EDCs暴露、女性生育能力和生殖健康终点的担忧，我们招募了215名年龄在21至38岁之间的女性，以测量月经周期特征和当地污染物水平。其中，155名女性在月经周期内收集唾液，以便分析雌二醇和孕酮水平，并确定排卵状态与血清污染物水平的关系。一部分在入组后一个月内未开始月经周期的参与者（15名）未纳入分析，因此样本量减少至140名参与者。此外，在月经周期的第3天对血清中的血脂、雌二醇和孕酮进行了评估。样本中女性的月经周期中位数为29天。在调整周期后，110名女性被认为有排卵，45名（29%）无排卵。更持久的多氯联苯同系物、六氯苯和p,p'-滴滴涕组的浓度在排卵状态方面没有显著差异。然而，被认为具有雌激素活性的低氯多氯联苯同系物亚组在无排卵女性中显著更高。这些发现表明，我们环境中普遍存在的某些EDCs可能会对月经周期产生不利影响，从而有能力损害生殖功能，包括受孕的可能性。
