University at Albany, Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, A&S 237, Albany, NY, United States.
Chemosphere. 2011 May;83(10):1374-82. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.071. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (p,p'-DDE), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) continues to be of concern due to their ubiquitous distribution and high persistence. Current toxicant body burden is still a primary concern within the Akwesasne Mohawk Nation since other studies conducted within the community have shown relationships between these POPs and endocrine disruption. In this article we describe the levels of these toxicants in young adults of the Akwesasne Mohawk Nation between the ages of 17 and 21 years of age (mean age 18.1 years), and investigate potential influences of their current body burden. Seventeen congeners in fourteen chromatographic peaks were detected in 50% or more of the individuals sampled (geometric mean [GM] of the sum of these congeners=0.43 ppb). Congeners 118, 138[+163+164] and 153 had the highest rate of detection (≥98%) within the Akwesasne young adults. Of the other organochlorines, HCB (GM=0.04 ppb) and p,p'-DDE (GM=0.38 ppb) were found in 100% and 99% of the sample respectively. Significantly higher levels of PCBs were found among individuals who were breastfed as infants, were first born, or had consumed local fish within the past year. When compared to levels of p,p'-DDE, HCB, and 13 specific congeners reported by the CDC for youth between the ages of 12 and 19 years, the geometric means of several congeners (CBs 99, 105, 110, and 118) among the Akwesasne were higher than the reported CDC 90th percentile. In contrast, levels of CB 28 in Akwesasne young adults were ~50% or less than those of the CDC cohort. p,p'-DDE and HCB levels were generally higher in the CDC cohort (GM of 0.516 and 0.065 ppb, respectively for Mohawks vs. 2.51 and 0.123, respectively, for CDC). Concentrations of non-persistent PCBs among this sample of Akwesasne young adults were higher than those reported by the CDC suggesting continued exposure, but lower than those associated with severe contamination. Additional research into the concentration trends of individual PCB congeners within Akwesasne youth and young adults is warranted to further improve our insight into the determinants and influences of organochlorine concentrations within members of the Akwesasne community.
由于持久性有机污染物（POPs）如多氯联苯（PCBs）、二氯二苯二氯乙烷（p,p'-DDE）和六氯苯（HCB）的广泛分布和高持久性，它们的暴露仍然令人关注。由于其他在社区内进行的研究表明这些 POPs 与内分泌干扰之间存在关系，因此阿克瓦萨斯内莫霍克民族当前的毒物体内负荷仍然是一个主要关注点。在本文中，我们描述了年龄在 17 至 21 岁（平均年龄 18.1 岁）之间的阿克瓦萨斯内莫霍克民族年轻成年人中这些毒物的水平，并调查了其当前体内负荷的潜在影响。在 50%或更多采样个体中检测到了 14 个色谱峰中的 17 种同系物（这些同系物总和的几何平均值=0.43 ppb）。在阿克瓦萨斯内的年轻人中，同系物 118、138[+163+164]和 153 的检出率最高（≥98%）。在其他有机氯化合物中，HCB（GM=0.04 ppb）和 p,p'-DDE（GM=0.38 ppb）在 100%和 99%的样本中均有发现。在婴儿期母乳喂养、第一胎出生或过去一年食用当地鱼类的个体中，发现 PCB 水平显著升高。与 CDC 报告的 12 至 19 岁青少年的 p,p'-DDE、HCB 和 13 种特定同系物的水平相比，阿克瓦萨斯内的几种同系物（CBs 99、105、110 和 118）的几何平均值高于 CDC 报告的第 90 百分位。相比之下，阿克瓦萨斯内年轻成年人体内 CB 28 的水平比 CDC 队列低约 50%或更低。阿克瓦萨斯内莫霍克族 p,p'-DDE 和 HCB 的水平普遍高于 CDC 队列（GM 分别为 0.516 和 0.065 ppb，而 CDC 分别为 2.51 和 0.123）。本研究中阿克瓦萨斯内年轻成年人非持久性 PCB 的浓度高于 CDC 报告的浓度，这表明仍在持续暴露，但低于与严重污染相关的浓度。有必要对阿克瓦萨斯内青年和年轻成年人中个别 PCB 同系物浓度的趋势进行进一步研究，以进一步提高我们对阿克瓦萨斯内社区成员体内有机氯浓度决定因素和影响的认识。
