McKinnon J G, Kokal W A, Neifeld J P, Kay S
Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0001.
J Surg Oncol. 1989 Aug;41(4):222-5. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930410406.
Forty-three patients with primary mucosal melanomas seen between 1960 and 1987 were reviewed. There were 17 patients with tumors arising from the head and neck, 17 from the vulva and/or vagina, 8 from the anorectum, and 1 from the esophagus. Twenty-one patients were resected with curative intent. In patients with head and neck tumors, local recurrence was the initial cause of failure in the majority of cases, whereas with tumors arising from the anorectum, vulva, and vagina, systemic recurrence was more common. There were four long-term survivors, and three of these had melanomas less than 1 mm thick with negative regional lymph nodes; no patients with mucosal melanoma less than 1 mm thick developed recurrent disease. Overall, actuarial survival was 64% after 1 year and 23% after 5 years. Mucosal melanoma has a poor prognosis, and adequate resectional surgery affords the only chance of long-term survival.
对1960年至1987年间收治的43例原发性黏膜黑色素瘤患者进行了回顾性研究。其中17例肿瘤发生于头颈部，17例发生于外阴和/或阴道，8例发生于肛管直肠，1例发生于食管。21例患者接受了根治性切除手术。在头颈部肿瘤患者中，大多数病例的局部复发是最初的失败原因，而对于发生于肛管直肠、外阴和阴道的肿瘤，全身复发更为常见。有4例长期存活者，其中3例黑色素瘤厚度小于1mm且区域淋巴结阴性；没有厚度小于1mm的黏膜黑色素瘤患者发生复发性疾病。总体而言，1年精算生存率为64%，5年为23%。黏膜黑色素瘤预后较差，充分的切除手术是获得长期生存的唯一机会。
