Daily James W, Park Sunmin
Daily Manufacturing Inc., Rockwell, North Carolina.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
Nutrition. 2017 Jan;33:187-194. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.001. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with the risk for Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine the association of BDNF variants with type 2 diabetes and the interactions of different BDNF genotypes with dietary habits and food and nutrient intakes in middle-aged adults.
The study population included 8840 adults ages 40 to 65 y from the Ansan and Asung areas in the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study, a cross-sectional study of Korean adults, conducted from 2001 to 2002. Adjusted odd ratios for the prevalence of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes according to BDNF genotypes were calculated after adjusting for age, sex, residence area, body mass index, physical activity, and smoking and stress status. Nutrient intake was calculated from usual food intake determined by semiquantitative food frequencies using the nutrient assessment software.
BDNF rs6265 Val/Met and Met/Met variants were negatively associated with the risk for type 2 diabetes after adjusting for covariates. Serum glucose levels after glucose loading and hemoglobin A1c, but not serum insulin levels, also were negatively associated with BDNF Val/Met and Met/Met. In subgroup analysis, sex and stress levels had an interaction with BDNF Val/Met in the risk for type 2 diabetes. Glucose-intolerant and diabetic, but not nondiabetic, patients with BDNF Met/Met had nominally, but significantly higher intakes of energy than those with BDNF Val/Val. BDNF rs6265 had consistent gene-diet interactions with energy and protein intake. With low-energy, low-protein, and high-carbohydrate intake, BDNF Val/Met lowered the risk for type 2 diabetes after adjusting for confounding factors. BDNF Val/Met did not compensate for developing type 2 diabetes with high-energy intake. Additionally, indexes of insulin resistance and insulin secretion showed the same gene-energy interaction as type 2 diabetes.
BDNF Val/Met and Met/Met variants (rs6265) decreases the risk for glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. BDNF variants interacted with nutrient intake, especially energy and protein intake: Middle-aged individuals with BDNF Val/Val are prone to developing type 2 diabetes even with low energy and protein intake.
脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）与阿尔茨海默病和2型糖尿病的风险相关。本研究旨在探讨BDNF基因变异与2型糖尿病的关联，以及不同BDNF基因型与中年成年人饮食习惯、食物和营养素摄入量之间的相互作用。
研究人群包括来自韩国基因组流行病学研究中安山和牙山市的8840名40至65岁的成年人，这是一项对韩国成年人进行的横断面研究，于2001年至2002年开展。在对年龄、性别、居住地区、体重指数、身体活动、吸烟和压力状态进行调整后，计算根据BDNF基因型得出的葡萄糖耐量异常和2型糖尿病患病率的校正比值比。营养素摄入量通过使用营养素评估软件根据半定量食物频率确定的通常食物摄入量来计算。
在校正协变量后，BDNF rs6265 Val/Met和Met/Met变异与2型糖尿病风险呈负相关。葡萄糖负荷后的血糖水平和糖化血红蛋白A1c，但不包括血清胰岛素水平，也与BDNF Val/Met和Met/Met呈负相关。在亚组分析中，性别和压力水平在2型糖尿病风险方面与BDNF Val/Met存在相互作用。BDNF Met/Met的葡萄糖耐量异常和糖尿病患者（而非非糖尿病患者）的能量摄入量名义上但显著高于BDNF Val/Val患者。BDNF rs6265在能量和蛋白质摄入量方面存在一致的基因-饮食相互作用。在低能量、低蛋白质和高碳水化合物摄入情况下，校正混杂因素后，BDNF Val/Met降低了2型糖尿病风险。BDNF Val/Met无法弥补高能量摄入导致的2型糖尿病发病风险。此外，胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌指标显示出与2型糖尿病相同的基因-能量相互作用。
BDNF Val/Met和Met/Met变异（rs6265）降低了葡萄糖耐量异常和2型糖尿病的风险。BDNF变异与营养素摄入量相互作用，尤其是能量和蛋白质摄入量：即使能量和蛋白质摄入量较低，BDNF Val/Val的中年个体也容易患2型糖尿病。
