Lee Jung Sun, Kim Chang-Yoon, Joo Yeon Ho, Newell Dominick, Bouix Sylvain, Shenton Martha E, Kubicki Marek
Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Schizophr Res. 2016 Oct;176(2-3):144-150. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.08.011. Epub 2016 Aug 21.
Diffusion weighted MRI (dMRI) is a method sensitive to pathological changes affecting tissue microstructure. Most dMRI studies in schizophrenia, however, have focused solely on white matter. There is a possibility, however, that subtle changes in diffusivity exist in gray matter (GM). Accordingly, we investigated diffusivity in GM in patients with recent onset schizophrenia.
We enrolled 45 patients and 21 age and sex-matched healthy controls. All subjects were evaluated using the short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the video based social cognition scale. DMRI and T1W images were acquired on a 3 Tesla magnet, and mean Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Trace (TR) and volume were calculated for each of the 68 cortical GM Regions of Interest parcellated using FreeSurfer.
There was no significant difference of FA and GM volume between groups after Bonferroni correction. For the dMRI measures, however, patients evinced increased TR in the left bank of the superior temporal sulcus, the right inferior parietal, the right inferior temporal, and the right middle temporal gyri. In addition, higher TR in the right middle temporal gyrus and the right inferior temporal gyrus, respectively, was associated with decreased social function and higher PANSS score in patients with schizophrenia.
This study demonstrates high sensitivity of dMRI to subtle pathology in GM in recent onset schizophrenia, as well as an association between increased diffusivity in temporal GM regions and abnormalities in social cognition and exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms.
扩散加权磁共振成像（dMRI）是一种对影响组织微观结构的病理变化敏感的方法。然而，大多数关于精神分裂症的dMRI研究仅关注白质。然而，灰质（GM）中可能存在扩散率的细微变化。因此，我们研究了近期发病的精神分裂症患者灰质中的扩散率。
我们招募了45名患者和21名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照。所有受试者均使用韦氏成人智力量表简版、阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）以及基于视频的社会认知量表进行评估。在3特斯拉磁体上采集dMRI和T1W图像，并使用FreeSurfer对68个皮质灰质感兴趣区域进行分割，计算每个区域的平均分数各向异性（FA）、迹线（TR）和体积。
经Bonferroni校正后，两组之间的FA和灰质体积无显著差异。然而，对于dMRI测量，患者在颞上沟左岸、右顶下、右颞下和右颞中回表现出TR增加。此外，精神分裂症患者右颞中回和右颞下回较高的TR分别与社会功能下降和较高的PANSS评分相关。
本研究表明dMRI对近期发病的精神分裂症患者灰质中的细微病理具有高敏感性，以及颞叶灰质区域扩散率增加与社会认知异常和精神症状加重之间的关联。
