Gucciardi Daniel F, Hanton Sheldon, Fleming Scott
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Australia.
Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University, United Kingdom.
J Sci Med Sport. 2017 Mar;20(3):307-311. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.08.006. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
Athlete development and management encompass a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. Within elite sport, multidisciplinary sport science and medicine teams play an important role in achieving an optimal balance between preventing athlete ill-health and optimizing health and performance. The psychological aspects of athlete health and performance have gained increased attention over the past two decades, with much of this research concerned with the mental health of athletes and the concept of mental toughness. Recently, it was proposed that mental health and mental toughness are contradictory concepts in the world of elite sport. Although an interesting proposition, this claim was not substantiated. Thus, the purpose of this narrative review was to evaluate theory and evidence regarding the thesis that mental health and mental toughness are contradictory concepts in the world of elite sport, with the view to advance scholarly knowledge and inform professional practice.
Narrative review.
A critical evaluation of this literature suggests that mental toughness may represent a positive indicator of mental health, or facilitate its attainment, rather than be at odds with it.
When implemented alongside multilayered approaches to organizational change (e.g., group structures, policies), mental toughness could be used as a 'hook' to attract athletes into settings that can open dialogue on the importance of mental health and improve knowledge of key issues (e.g., stigma, symptoms).
运动员的发展与管理涉及生物、心理和社会因素的复杂相互作用。在精英体育领域，多学科的运动科学与医学团队在实现预防运动员健康问题与优化健康及表现之间的最佳平衡方面发挥着重要作用。在过去二十年里，运动员健康与表现的心理层面受到了越来越多的关注，其中大部分研究都围绕运动员的心理健康以及心理韧性的概念。最近，有人提出在精英体育界，心理健康和心理韧性是相互矛盾的概念。尽管这是一个有趣的观点，但该说法并未得到证实。因此，本叙述性综述的目的是评估关于心理健康和心理韧性在精英体育界是相互矛盾概念这一论点的理论和证据，以期增进学术知识并为专业实践提供参考。
叙述性综述。
对该文献的批判性评估表明，心理韧性可能代表心理健康的一个积极指标，或者有助于实现心理健康，而非与之相悖。
当与组织变革的多层方法（如团队结构、政策）一起实施时，心理韧性可以作为一个“切入点”，吸引运动员进入能够就心理健康的重要性展开对话并提高对关键问题（如污名化、症状）认识的环境。
