音乐家与运动员在个人特质方面的差异：心理韧性、表象和个性。
Differences between musicians and athletes in personal characteristics: mental toughness, imagery and personality.
作者信息
Budnik-Przybylska Dagmara, Huzarska-Rynasiewicz Izabela, Jurek Paweł, Przybylski Jacek
机构信息
Division of Sport Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2025 Feb 19;16:1506123. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1506123. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
It appears that music and sports share many common elements. However, it turns out that mental toughness and imagery are present in both musicians and athletes, but they are understood and conceptualized differently within these domains. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between mental toughness, personality, and imagery in two unique groups.
METHODS
The sample consisted of a group of athletes ( = 164, 82 females and 82 males) and a group of musicians ( = 97, 61 females and 36 males), aged between 13 and 46 ( = 23.65; Median = 21), with varying levels of experience. The participants filled in the Imagination in Sports Questionnaire, the Short Scale of Mental Toughness in Sport Questionnaire-19, and the Big Five Inventory-Short, with indicators adjusted to both research groups. The results proved significant differences between the two groups.
RESULTS
Our findings indicated that musicians tend to exhibit lower levels of mental toughness compared to athletes. Additionally, musicians demonstrated reduced conscientiousness but higher levels of neuroticism and openness to experiences, as opposed to athletes. In the group of musicians, mental toughness was associated with lower extraversion, neuroticism, higher levels of agreeableness, and lower physiological feelings in imagery. Mentally tough athletes were characterized by lower neuroticism and higher situational and general imagery. Personality and imagery explained 21% of the variance in mental toughness among athletes and 37% among musicians. Neuroticism was the main predictor in both groups. Imagery, however, predicted mental toughness only in the athletes' group.
DISCUSSION
The comparison of the unique groups brings a fresh perspective on theoretical and practical work in terms of individual differences, confirming the need of creating mental toughness-building interventions in mental preparation for performance in both music and sports.
引言
音乐和体育似乎有许多共同元素。然而，事实证明，心理韧性和意象在音乐家和运动员中都存在，但在这些领域中它们的理解和概念化有所不同。本研究的目的是探讨两个独特群体中心理韧性、个性和意象之间的关系。
方法
样本包括一组运动员（n = 164，82名女性和82名男性）和一组音乐家（n = 97，61名女性和36名男性），年龄在13至46岁之间（M = 23.65；中位数 = 21），经验水平各异。参与者填写了《运动中的想象力问卷》、《运动心理韧性简表 - 19》和《大五人格简表》，指标针对两个研究组进行了调整。结果证明两组之间存在显著差异。
结果
我们的研究结果表明，与运动员相比，音乐家往往表现出较低水平的心理韧性。此外，与运动员相反，音乐家表现出较低的尽责性，但神经质和经验开放性水平较高。在音乐家中，心理韧性与较低的外向性、神经质、较高的宜人性水平以及意象中的较低生理感受相关。心理韧性强的运动员的特点是较低的神经质以及较高的情境性和一般性意象。个性和意象解释了运动员心理韧性方差的21%，音乐家中的这一比例为37%。神经质是两组中的主要预测因素。然而，意象仅在运动员组中预测心理韧性。
讨论
对这两个独特群体的比较为个体差异方面的理论和实践工作带来了新的视角，证实了在音乐和体育表演的心理准备中创建心理韧性培养干预措施的必要性。
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