Hadgraft Nyssa T, Brakenridge Charlotte L, LaMontagne Anthony D, Fjeldsoe Brianna S, Lynch Brigid M, Dunstan David W, Owen Neville, Healy Genevieve N, Lawler Sheleigh P
Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Sep 5;16(1):933. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3611-y.
Office workers spend a large proportion of their working hours sitting. This may contribute to an increased risk of chronic disease and premature mortality. While there is growing interest in workplace interventions targeting prolonged sitting, few qualitative studies have explored workers' perceptions of reducing occupational sitting outside of an intervention context. This study explored barriers to reducing office workplace sitting, and the feasibility and acceptability of strategies targeting prolonged sitting in this context.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 20 office workers (50 % women), including employees and managers, in Melbourne, Australia. The three organisations (two large, and one small organisation) were from retail, health and IT industries and had not implemented any formalised approaches to sitting reduction. Questions covered barriers to reducing sitting, the feasibility of potential strategies aimed at reducing sitting, and perceived effects on productivity. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Participants reported spending most (median: 7.2 h) of their working hours sitting. The nature of computer-based work and exposure to furniture designed for a seated posture were considered to be the main factors influencing sitting time. Low cost strategies, such as standing meetings and in-person communication, were identified as feasible ways to reduce sitting time and were also perceived to have potential productivity benefits. However, social norms around appropriate workplace behaviour and workload pressures were perceived to be barriers to uptake of these strategies. The cost implications of height-adjustable workstations influenced perceptions of feasibility. Managers noted the need for an evidence-based business case supporting action on prolonged sitting, particularly in the context of limited resources and competing workplace health priorities.
While a number of low-cost approaches to reduce workplace sitting are perceived to be feasible and acceptable in the office workplace, factors such as work demands and the organisational social context may still act as barriers to greater uptake. Building a supportive organisational culture and raising awareness of the adverse health effects of prolonged sitting may be important for improving individual-level and organisational-level motivation for change.
办公室职员在工作时间里大部分时间都坐着。这可能会增加患慢性病和过早死亡的风险。虽然针对长时间坐着的工作场所干预措施越来越受到关注，但很少有定性研究探讨职员在非干预背景下对减少职业久坐的看法。本研究探讨了减少办公室工作场所久坐的障碍，以及在此背景下针对长时间坐着的策略的可行性和可接受性。
对澳大利亚墨尔本的20名办公室职员（50%为女性）进行了半结构化访谈，这些职员包括员工和经理，来自零售、健康和信息技术行业的三个组织（两个大型组织和一个小型组织），且尚未实施任何正式的减少久坐的方法。问题涵盖减少久坐的障碍、旨在减少久坐的潜在策略的可行性以及对生产力的感知影响。访谈进行了录音并逐字转录。使用主题分析法对数据进行分析。
参与者报告称，他们工作时间的大部分（中位数：7.2小时）都在坐着。基于计算机的工作性质以及接触为坐姿设计的家具被认为是影响久坐时间的主要因素。低成本策略，如站立会议和面对面交流，被认为是减少久坐时间的可行方法，并且也被认为可能对生产力有益。然而，围绕适当工作场所行为的社会规范和工作量压力被认为是采用这些策略的障碍。可调节高度的工作站的成本影响了对可行性的看法。经理们指出，需要有一个基于证据的商业案例来支持针对长时间坐着采取行动，特别是在资源有限和工作场所健康优先事项相互竞争的情况下。
虽然一些低成本的减少工作场所久坐的方法在办公室工作场所被认为是可行和可接受的，但工作需求和组织社会背景等因素可能仍然是更广泛采用的障碍。建立支持性组织文化并提高对长时间坐着的不良健康影响的认识，可能对提高个人层面和组织层面的变革动力很重要。
