Kyrousi Christina, Lalioti Maria-Eleni, Skavatsou Eleni, Lygerou Zoi, Taraviras Stavros
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras , Patras, Greece.
Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras , Patras, Greece.
Neurogenesis (Austin). 2016 Apr 27;3(1):e1172747. doi: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1172747. eCollection 2016.
Ependymal cells are multiciliated cells located in the wall of the lateral ventricles of the adult mammalian brain and are key components of the subependymal zone niche, where adult neural stem cells reside. Through the movement of their motile cilia, ependymal cells control the cerebrospinal fluid flow within the ventricular system from which they receive secreted molecules and morphogens controlling self-renewal and differentiation decisions of adult neural stem cells. Multiciliated ependymal cells become fully differentiated at postnatal stages however they are specified during mid to late embryogenesis from a population of radial glial cells. Here we discuss recent findings suggesting that 2 novel molecules, Mcidas and GemC1/Lynkeas are key players on radial glial specification to ependymal cells. Both proteins were initially described as cell cycle regulators revealing sequence similarity to Geminin. They are expressed in radial glial cells committed to the ependymal cell lineage during embryogenesis, while overexpression and knock down experiments showed that are sufficient and necessary for ependymal cell generation. We propose that Mcidas and GemC1/Lynkeas are key components of the molecular cascade that promotes radial glial cells fate commitment toward multiciliated ependymal cell lineage operating upstream of c-Myb and FoxJ1.
室管膜细胞是位于成年哺乳动物大脑侧脑室壁的多纤毛细胞，是室管膜下区生态位的关键组成部分，成年神经干细胞就存在于此。通过其运动性纤毛的运动，室管膜细胞控制着脑室系统内的脑脊液流动，它们从该系统中接收分泌分子和形态发生素，这些分子和形态发生素控制着成年神经干细胞的自我更新和分化决定。多纤毛室管膜细胞在出生后阶段完全分化，然而它们是在胚胎发育中后期从一群放射状胶质细胞中特化而来的。在这里，我们讨论最近的研究结果，这些结果表明两种新分子，Mcidas和GemC1/Lynkeas是放射状胶质细胞特化为室管膜细胞的关键因素。这两种蛋白质最初被描述为细胞周期调节因子，与Geminin具有序列相似性。它们在胚胎发育过程中表达于致力于室管膜细胞谱系的放射状胶质细胞中，而过表达和敲除实验表明，它们对于室管膜细胞的产生是充分且必要的。我们提出，Mcidas和GemC1/Lynkeas是分子级联反应的关键组成部分，该级联反应促进放射状胶质细胞向多纤毛室管膜细胞谱系的命运转变，在c-Myb和FoxJ1的上游起作用。
