Hummel Karin, Willemsen Marc C, de Vries Hein, Monshouwer Karin, Nagelhout Gera E
Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2017 Feb;19(2):231-238. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw169. Epub 2016 Aug 17.
Little is known about the extent to which smoking restrictions are socially accepted in a country such as the Netherlands where smoking restrictions have been implemented and reversed several times. The current study assessed trends as well as factors associated with two indicators of social acceptance of smoking restrictions in the Netherlands: acceptance of smoking in public places and implementation of home smoking bans.
We used data from the Dutch Continuous Survey of Smoking Habits (DCSSH) between 2005 and 2014 (n = 182826). The DCSSH is a national population survey with a cross-sectional design in which respondents aged 15 years and older are surveyed weekly.
Acceptance of smoking in public places decreased for six out of eight included venues, with the largest decrease for smoking in restaurants. The decrease in acceptance was larger among younger respondents and smokers. Smoking on terraces was an exception: decrease in acceptance there was larger among older respondents and ex-smokers. Implementation of home smoking bans increased over time. Having implemented a home smoking ban was associated with being male, being younger, having a high socioeconomic status, and being ex- or never smoker.
Social acceptance of smoking restrictions has increased in the Netherlands, despite a suboptimal implementation process of smoking restrictions. However, there is still potential for improvement as acceptance of smoking is still quite high for some public venues like bars. It is important to strengthen smoking restrictions in order to further denormalize smoking in the Netherlands.
We examined the extent to which smoking restrictions are socially accepted in the Netherlands where smoking restrictions have been implemented and reversed several times. Acceptance of smoking in public places decreased and implementation of home smoking bans increased between 2005 and 2014. Social acceptance of smoking restrictions increased in the Netherlands despite a suboptimal implementation process of smoking restrictions. However, acceptance of smoking in bars remains relatively high.
在荷兰这样一个吸烟限制措施多次实施和撤销的国家，人们对吸烟限制在社会上被接受的程度知之甚少。本研究评估了荷兰社会对吸烟限制的两个接受度指标的趋势以及相关因素：公共场所吸烟的接受度和家庭吸烟禁令的实施情况。
我们使用了2005年至2014年荷兰吸烟习惯连续调查（DCSSH）的数据（n = 182826）。DCSSH是一项全国性的人口调查，采用横断面设计，每周对15岁及以上的受访者进行调查。
在所纳入的八个场所中，有六个场所的公共场所吸烟接受度下降，其中餐厅吸烟接受度下降幅度最大。年轻受访者和吸烟者中接受度的下降幅度更大。露台吸烟情况是个例外：老年受访者和戒烟者中接受度的下降幅度更大。家庭吸烟禁令的实施随着时间的推移有所增加。实施家庭吸烟禁令与男性、年轻、社会经济地位高以及曾经吸烟或从不吸烟有关。
尽管吸烟限制措施的实施过程不尽人意，但荷兰社会对吸烟限制的接受度有所提高。然而，仍有改进的空间，因为像酒吧这样的一些公共场所吸烟接受度仍然相当高。加强吸烟限制对于在荷兰进一步使吸烟变得不再正常化很重要。
我们研究了在荷兰这样一个吸烟限制措施多次实施和撤销的国家，吸烟限制在社会上被接受的程度。2005年至2014年间，公共场所吸烟接受度下降，家庭吸烟禁令实施情况增加。尽管吸烟限制措施的实施过程不尽人意，但荷兰社会对吸烟限制的接受度有所提高。然而，酒吧吸烟接受度仍然相对较高。
