Boes Stefan, Marti Joachim, Maclean Johanna Catherine
Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, LU, Switzerland.
Medicine and Health Leeds, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Health Econ. 2015 Nov;24(11):1502-16. doi: 10.1002/hec.3108. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
In this paper, we exploit the progressive implementation of smoking bans in public venues at the state level in Switzerland to evaluate both the direct effects on smoking and the potential unintended consequences of these legislations on consumer behaviors as measured by visiting restaurants/bars and discos ('going out'). Our results indicate that public venue smoking bans in Switzerland reduce smoking rates, but the findings do not emerge until 1 year following the ban. This pattern of results is consistent with delays in ban enforcement on the part of business owners, difficulties in changing addictive behaviors such as smoking, and/or learning on the part of smokers. We find evidence that smoking bans influence going-out behavior and there is substantial heterogeneity across venue and consumer characteristics.
在本文中，我们利用瑞士各州逐步实施公共场所禁烟令这一情况，来评估其对吸烟的直接影响以及这些立法对消费者行为（通过光顾餐厅/酒吧和迪斯科舞厅来衡量，即“外出活动”）可能产生的意外后果。我们的研究结果表明，瑞士的公共场所禁烟令降低了吸烟率，但这一结果直到禁令实施一年后才显现出来。这种结果模式与企业主在禁令执行上的延迟、改变吸烟等成瘾行为的困难以及吸烟者自身的学习情况相一致。我们发现有证据表明禁烟令会影响外出活动行为，而且在场所类型和消费者特征方面存在很大的异质性。
