Tran Nam T, Clavarino Alexandra, Williams Gail, Najman Jake M
School of Social Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ; Department of Sociology, Academy of Journalism and Communication, Hanoi, Vietnam.
School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Asian J Gambl Issues Public Health. 2016;6(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s40405-016-0010-3. Epub 2016 Apr 8.
Although a large number of studies have examined the association between young adult's alcohol consumption and their problem gambling behaviours, none of these studies address the prospective association between mother's alcohol consumption and their young adult offspring's problem gambling behaviours. Using data from a 30 year prospective pre-birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia (n = 1691), our study examines whether different maternal alcohol consumption trajectories predict offspring's risk of problem gambling behaviours and whether these associations differ by the young adults' gender. Offspring's level of problem gambling behaviours was assessed by the short version of the Canadian Problem Gambling Index, with about 10.6 % of young adults having some risk of problem gambling behaviours. Trajectories of maternal alcohol consumption were determined by group-based trajectory modelling over five time points. Our study found that mother's alcohol consumption pattern fits into three drinking trajectory groups, namely abstainers (17.2 %), a low-stable drinkers group (64.6 %) and a moderate-escalating drinkers group (18.2 %). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the moderate-escalating alcohol trajectory group is independently associated with a risk of their male young adult offspring having problem gambling behaviours at 30 years-even after adjustment for a range of potential confounding variables. Mothers who exhibit a persistent life course pattern of moderate-escalating drinking have male children who have a high risk of engaging in problem gambling behaviours. Offspring's alcohol consumption partially mediated the association between maternal drinking trajectories and young adult's risk of problem behaviours. High levels of maternal alcohol consumption may lead to male offspring antisocial behaviours. Programs intended to address problem gambling behaviours by young adults may need to focus on male group with a focus which specifically addresses family influences as these contribute to gambling behaviour.
尽管大量研究探讨了年轻成年人饮酒与其问题赌博行为之间的关联，但这些研究均未涉及母亲饮酒与其成年子女问题赌博行为之间的前瞻性关联。利用澳大利亚布里斯班一项为期30年的前瞻性出生队列研究数据（n = 1691），我们的研究考察了不同的母亲饮酒轨迹是否能预测子女出现问题赌博行为的风险，以及这些关联在年轻成年人的性别上是否存在差异。通过加拿大问题赌博指数简版评估子女的问题赌博行为水平，约10.6%的年轻成年人存在一定的问题赌博行为风险。母亲饮酒轨迹通过基于群组的轨迹建模在五个时间点确定。我们的研究发现，母亲的饮酒模式可分为三个饮酒轨迹组，即戒酒者（17.2%）、低稳定饮酒者组（64.6%）和中度递增饮酒者组（18.2%）。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，中度递增饮酒轨迹组与30岁时其成年男性子女出现问题赌博行为的风险独立相关——即使在对一系列潜在混杂变量进行调整之后。表现出持续的中度递增饮酒生活轨迹模式的母亲所生的男性子女有较高的从事问题赌博行为的风险。子女饮酒在一定程度上介导了母亲饮酒轨迹与年轻成年人问题行为风险之间的关联。母亲大量饮酒可能导致男性后代出现反社会行为。旨在解决年轻成年人问题赌博行为的项目可能需要关注男性群体，并特别关注家庭影响，因为这些因素会导致赌博行为。
