Farag Elmoubasher, Garcell Humberto Guanche, Ganesan Nandakumar, Ahmed Shazia Nadeem N, Al-Hajri Mohammed, Al Thani Shk Mohammed Hamad J, Al-Marri Salih Ali, Ibrahim Emad, Al-Romaihi Hamad Eid
Department of Public Health, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
The Cuban Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Dukhan, Qatar.
Qatar Med J. 2016 Jun 16;2016(1):3. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2016.3. eCollection 2016.
Salmonella is a food- and water-borne pathogen that can be easily spread in a population, leading to the outbreak of salmonellosis that is caused by ingestion of mixed salads contaminated by the pathogen. Most cases occur in the late spring months and can be seen as single cases, clusters, or episodes.
The aim of this study was to describe the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of salmonellosis in the State of Qatar.
This was a retrospective, descriptive study carried out in laboratory-confirmed cases of salmonellosis during 2004-2012 from all Salmonella surveillance centers. Therapeutic records of patients who were clinically suspected of having Salmonella diseases were analyzed. Initially, cases with typhoid fever were investigated in the laboratory by means of Widal agglutination tests, while non-typhoidal Salmonella diseases were determined based on culture technique.
The annual incident of salmonellosis cases were 12.3, 23.0, 30.3, 19.4, 15.3, 18.0, 22.7, 18.5, and 18.1 per 100,000 population in 2006-2011 and 2012, respectively. The number of salmonellosis cases was high among less than 2-year-old females and 3-year-old males. In addition, one-fourth of patients (27.7%) were Qatari when compared to other nationalities. A significant difference in age was found between Qatari (6.08 ± 12.28 years) and non-Qatari (15.04 ± 19.56 years) patients. Of the reported cases, 79.8% included the onset date of the first symptoms. Contact phone numbers were available for 94% of the cases but addresses were available for only 50.4% of cases. The time difference between onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 5.4 ± 5.7 days. The most frequent serotype reported were type b (41.9%), type d (26.9%), and type c1 (12.2%).
The present surveillance data showed a high incidence of salmonellosis in Qatar that poses a serious public health problem. Special intervention and health awareness programs are required for early screening, detection, and treatment as well as for strengthening the surveillance system of salmonellosis, with special emphasis on the laboratory study of cases.
沙门氏菌是一种通过食物和水传播的病原体，很容易在人群中传播，导致因摄入被该病原体污染的混合沙拉而引发沙门氏菌病疫情。大多数病例发生在晚春月份，可表现为单个病例、聚集性病例或群发病例。
本研究旨在描述卡塔尔国沙门氏菌病的发病率及流行病学特征。
这是一项回顾性描述性研究，对2004年至2012年期间所有沙门氏菌监测中心实验室确诊的沙门氏菌病病例进行分析。对临床疑似患有沙门氏菌病患者的治疗记录进行分析。最初，伤寒热病例通过肥达氏凝集试验在实验室进行调查，而非伤寒沙门氏菌病则根据培养技术确定。
2006年至2011年及2012年，沙门氏菌病病例的年发病率分别为每10万人12.3例、23.0例、30.3例、19.4例、15.3例、18.0例、22.7例、18.5例和18.1例。2岁以下女性和3岁男性中沙门氏菌病病例数较多。此外，与其他国籍相比，四分之一的患者（27.7%）为卡塔尔人。卡塔尔患者（6.08 ± 12.28岁）和非卡塔尔患者（15.04 ± 19.56岁）在年龄上存在显著差异。在报告的病例中，79.8%包含首次症状的发病日期。94%的病例有联系电话，但只有50.4%的病例有地址。症状出现与诊断之间的时间差为5.4 ± 5.7天。报告的最常见血清型为b型（41.9%）、d型（26.9%）和c1型（12.2%）。
目前的监测数据显示卡塔尔沙门氏菌病发病率较高，这构成了一个严重的公共卫生问题。需要开展特别干预和健康意识项目，以进行早期筛查、检测和治疗，并加强沙门氏菌病监测系统，特别要重视病例的实验室研究。
