Perna Simone, Alaali Zahraa, Alalwan Tariq A, Janahi Essam Moahmmed, Mustafa Sakina, Rondanelli Mariangela, Thani Ali Salman Bin
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Sakhir 976, Bahrain.
IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy.
Pathogens. 2019 Apr 17;8(2):51. doi: 10.3390/pathogens8020051.
Salmonellosis is one of the major public health concerns in Bahrain as it has increased rapidly during the past few years. This study aims to determine the prevalence of salmonellosis in children and the possible risk factors such as age, geographical area, nationality, gender, unsafe drinking water, infant born weight and gastrointestinal disease. The cases of salmonellosis in children reported by the Ministry of Health of Bahrain ranged from 21 to 26 per 100,000 population during the period 2012-2016. Salmonellosis cases were geographically concentrated in the capital and northern regions. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the number of salmonellosis cases between Bahrainis and non-Bahrainis based on region, and gender ( < 0.001). In the Bahraini cohort, there was an association between the increase of cases and the number of gastrointestinal disease-related deaths ( < 0.05). In addition, unsafe water (over the level of 2.14%) and low-birth weight (<3.100 g) were associated, but not statistically significant ( = 0.086 and = 0.126, respectively) with the increase of salmonellosis cases. Despite the decline in the number of cases, the results of this study contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology of in humans and this, in turn, will help develop and implement preventative measures.
沙门氏菌病是巴林主要的公共卫生问题之一，因为在过去几年中其发病率迅速上升。本研究旨在确定儿童沙门氏菌病的患病率以及可能的风险因素，如年龄、地理区域、国籍、性别、不安全饮用水、婴儿出生体重和胃肠道疾病。在2012 - 2016年期间，巴林卫生部报告的儿童沙门氏菌病病例数为每10万人21至26例。沙门氏菌病病例在地理上集中在首都和北部地区。统计分析表明，基于地区和性别，巴林人和非巴林人之间的沙门氏菌病病例数存在显著差异（<0.001）。在巴林人群中，病例增加与胃肠道疾病相关死亡人数之间存在关联（<0.05）。此外，不安全水（超过2.14%的水平）和低出生体重（<3100克）与沙门氏菌病病例增加有关，但无统计学意义（分别为=0.086和=0.126）。尽管病例数有所下降，但本研究结果有助于了解人类沙门氏菌病的流行病学，进而有助于制定和实施预防措施。
