Raatz Susan K, Johnson LuAnn K, Rosenberger Thad A, Picklo Matthew J
USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, 2420 2nd Avenue N., Grand Forks, ND, USA; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, 2420 2nd Avenue N., Grand Forks, ND, USA.
Nutr Res. 2016 Sep;36(9):899-906. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.06.011. Epub 2016 Jun 27.
The US Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend twice weekly fish intake. Farmed Atlantic salmon is a good source of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids which have positive lipid modifying effects; however, it is unknown whether these responses are dose-dependent. Our primary research objective was to determine the effect of dose-dependent intake of farmed Atlantic salmon on lipoprotein particle (P) size and concentration. We hypothesized that low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-P and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-P size and concentration would increase with salmon intake in a dose-dependent manner. Overweight, adult participants (n = 19) were enrolled in a cross-over designed clinical trial evaluating intake of farmed Atlantic salmon. In random order, participants were assigned to 90, 180, or 270 g of salmon twice weekly for 4-week dietary treatments. Following a 4- to 8-week washout, participants crossed over to another dose of fish intake until all treatments were completed. Plasma lipid concentrations were determined and serum lipoprotein concentrations and particle size were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. Intake of salmon reduced plasma and serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations and increased plasma HDL-C concentrations. The concentrations of large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-P and chylomicron (CM)-P were reduced. Large LDL-P concentrations were increased in a dose-dependent manner. The mean size of VLDL-P was reduced and that of LDL was increased. Total TG was reduced as was the TG content of VLDL-P and CM-P. Twice weekly intake of farmed Atlantic salmon portions influences lipoprotein particle size and concentration in a manner associated with cardiovascular disease risk reduction.
《美国膳食指南》建议美国人每周食用两次鱼类。养殖的大西洋鲑鱼是ω-3（n-3）脂肪酸的良好来源，这些脂肪酸具有积极的脂质调节作用；然而，尚不清楚这些反应是否具有剂量依赖性。我们的主要研究目标是确定养殖大西洋鲑鱼的剂量依赖性摄入对脂蛋白颗粒（P）大小和浓度的影响。我们假设，低密度脂蛋白（LDL）-P和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）-P的大小和浓度会随着鲑鱼摄入量的增加而呈剂量依赖性增加。超重的成年参与者（n = 19）参加了一项交叉设计的临床试验，评估养殖大西洋鲑鱼的摄入量。参与者被随机分配，每周两次食用90、180或270克鲑鱼，进行为期4周的饮食治疗。经过4至8周的洗脱期后，参与者交叉接受另一剂量的鱼类摄入，直至完成所有治疗。测定血浆脂质浓度，并通过核磁共振测定血清脂蛋白浓度和颗粒大小。摄入鲑鱼可降低血浆和血清甘油三酯（TG）浓度，并增加血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）浓度。大的极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）-P和乳糜微粒（CM）-P的浓度降低。大LDL-P浓度呈剂量依赖性增加。VLDL-P的平均大小减小，而LDL的平均大小增加。总TG以及VLDL-P和CM-P的TG含量均降低。每周两次摄入养殖的大西洋鲑鱼部分会以与降低心血管疾病风险相关的方式影响脂蛋白颗粒大小和浓度。
